Rare SWI/SNF-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinomas Characterized in 10-Case Study

The retrospective analysis focused on the clinical characteristics, morphological features, and immunophenotypes of the tumors. The ten patients ranged in age from 33 to 76 years, and the group included seven women and three men. In six of the ten cases, the tumors were centered in the nasal cavity, while the remaining four arose in the paranasal sinuses.

When the researchers classified the tumors by which SWI/SNF subunit was lost, nine cases proved to be SMARCB1-deficient carcinoma and one was SMARCA4-deficient carcinoma. Both SMARCB1 and SMARCA4 are subunits of the SWI/SNF complex, and their loss is the defining molecular feature of this tumor category.

Under the microscope, the tumors displayed markedly heterogeneous morphology. The SMARCB1-deficient carcinomas exhibited basaloid, rhabdoid, undifferentiated, and adenoid architectural patterns, meaning they could take on appearances resembling several different tumor types. The single SMARCA4-deficient carcinoma in the series showed a basaloid morphology.

The study also captured information on patient outcomes. Three of the ten patients developed recurrent disease, and two developed metastases, underscoring that despite its rarity, this tumor type can follow an aggressive clinical course in a subset of patients.

Because SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal carcinomas are so rarely encountered in clinical practice, individual institutions seldom accumulate enough cases to describe them systematically. The authors conclude that their ten-case cohort, while morphologically diverse, adds clinicopathological data to a very sparsely documented entity and may help pathologists and oncologists recognize the range of appearances these tumors can adopt.

The work is an early-access, peer-reviewed article that carries a permanent DOI, with a final version of record to follow. As a retrospective single-institution series of only ten patients, it describes observed features and outcomes rather than testing treatments, and its findings are best understood as an enriched descriptive portrait of an exceptionally rare cancer rather than a basis for clinical recommendations.

Subject of Research: Clinicopathological features and prognosis of rare SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal carcinoma based on ten retrospective cases

Article Title: Clinicopathological analysis of 10 cases of SWI/SNF deficient sinonasal carcinoma

Article References: Wang, X., & Yin, Z. (2026). Clinicopathological analysis of 10 cases of SWI/SNF deficient sinonasal carcinoma. Discover Oncology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-026-06184-6

Image Credits: AI Generated

DOI: 10.1007/s12672-026-06184-6

Keywords: SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal carcinoma, SMARCB1, SMARCA4, sinonasal tumors, retrospective case series, clinicopathology, rare cancers, head and neck pathology, tumor morphology, immunophenotype, Clinicopathological, analysis