Ramadan Fasting: Mental Health Perks, Sleep and Cognition Mixed

In recent years, the scientific community has increasingly focused on the impact of religious practices on physical and mental health. One such practice, Ramadan fasting, occurs annually for Muslims around the world. During this holy month, adherents abstain from food and drink from dawn until sunset. An emerging body of research suggests that this ancient practice may confer several psychological benefits, while simultaneously revealing mixed effects on sleep quality and cognitive functioning. A systematic review conducted by Ahmed et al. in 2025 provides valuable insights into these intriguing phenomena.

The study examined a substantial amount of literature, culminating in a comprehensive evaluation of the psychological effects associated with Ramadan fasting. Researchers analyzed various studies that investigated the interrelationship between fasting, mental health, cognitive abilities, and overall well-being. This systematic approach allowed the researchers to synthesize findings across diverse cultural contexts, uncovering patterns that suggest fasting may lead to significant mental health benefits.

One of the most notable aspects of Ramadan fasting is its ability to foster a sense of community and social connection. During this month, families and friends gather to break their fasts together at sunset, reinforcing social bonds and promoting a sense of belonging. The psychological advantages that stem from these social interactions can not be overstated. Increased social support and cohesion during Ramadan can alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, ultimately leading to enhanced mental well-being.

Additionally, Ramadan fasting is often accompanied by a period of heightened spirituality and reflection. A considerable number of participants report feeling spiritually rejuvenated during this time, which can contribute to an overall improvement in mental health. Engaging in increased prayers, reading religious texts, and reflecting on one’s life during the month of Ramadan allows individuals to reevaluate their values and goals, which can lead to a positive transformation in mindset and emotional resilience.

Most notably, the research highlights the benefits that fasting may have on mood stabilization. Participants often experience fluctuations in energy levels while fasting, which in turn affects their emotional states. However, for many, these fluctuations can lead to a greater appreciation for food, mindfulness about their consumption habits, and the ability to handle stress more effectively. By fostering an awareness of one’s eating patterns and emotional responses, Ramadan fasting may contribute to improved mental health outcomes.

Interestingly, the study also unveiled mixed effects on sleep quality among participants. Many individuals reported disrupted sleep patterns, primarily due to the altered eating and sleeping schedules. Fasting could lead to shorter night-time sleep as individuals tend to stay up late for prayers and social gatherings. The physiological effects of fasting, such as dehydration and changes in circadian rhythms, can also contribute to sleep disturbances. Consequently, this could impact cognitive functioning, leading to variations in attention span and decision-making abilities during the day.

Cognitive performance appears to be a double-edged sword during Ramadan, according to the research findings. On one hand, fasting can enhance cognitive functions such as task-switching abilities, creativity, and problem-solving skills. On the other hand, the disturbances in sleep and altered energy levels may lead to decreased concentration and memory retention for some individuals. This nuanced understanding underscores the complexity of how Ramadan fasting influences cognitive health.

Moreover, the study highlighted that individual experiences of Ramadan fasting can vary significantly. Factors such as age, gender, health status, and pre-existing conditions all contribute to the diverse psychological outcomes observed in Ramadan practitioners. For elders or individuals with health complications, mental health benefits may be muted, while younger participants may experience a more pronounced emotional and cognitive uplift.

Despite the beneficial aspects of Ramadan fasting, it is essential for individuals embarking on this spiritual journey to prioritize their well-being. Awareness of how fasting affects both mental health and cognitive functionality can help individuals navigate the challenges that may arise during this month. Honoring one’s needs—whether that means adjusting fasting schedules or seeking social support—can play a critical role in maximizing the positive psychological impacts of this religious practice.

As our understanding of the mental health ramifications of fasting continues to evolve, further research remains essential. Studies focusing on longitudinal effects, the role of different cultural contexts, and specific strategies to mitigate sleep quality concerns would create a more comprehensive picture. Scientists and scholars alike are encouraged to continue exploring the intersections between spirituality, fasting, and psychological wellness.

The systematic review by Ahmed et al. sheds light on the multifaceted relationship between religious fasting and mental health, providing a framework for future studies. As researchers delve deeper into these inquiries, we may uncover further evidence supporting the notion that Ramadan fasting can indeed serve as a catalyst for improved mental health and cognitive benefits, despite its challenges.

Ultimately, the exploration of Ramadan fasting and its psychological implications offers a valuable perspective on wellness that resonates beyond cultural and religious boundaries. The findings of this systematic review serve as a reminder of the complexities of human health and the potential pathways through which ancient practices can contribute to modern mental well-being.

As we stand on the cusp of our evolving understanding of the mind-body connection, it becomes increasingly evident that fasting during Ramadan represents more than a mere dietary restraint; it serves as an opportunity for mental, emotional, and spiritual flourishing, even amid its inherent challenges.

With ongoing research, the conversation continues to grow, inviting individuals to reflect on their practices and beliefs regarding fasting, spirituality, and mental health as they seek a balanced path toward overall well-being.

Ahmed, D.R., Al Diab Al Azzawi, M., Ahmed, J.O. et al. Systematic review reveals mental health benefits of Ramadan fasting with mixed effects on sleep quality and cognitive functioning.
Discov Psychol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44202-025-00553-y