In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital healthcare, mobile health applications (mHealth apps) equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) have emerged as promising tools for early detection and triage of skin cancer. Despite their soaring availability to consumers worldwide, the actual adoption and endorsement by healthcare providers, such as dermatologists and general practitioners (GPs), remain strikingly limited. A recent qualitative study delves into the perspectives of these frontline healthcare professionals, unearthing the complex web of perceived risks, benefits, and essential preconditions that shape their attitudes toward integrating AI-driven skin cancer triage apps into routine clinical practice.
Skin cancer, one of the most common malignancies globally, benefits profoundly from early diagnosis, which significantly improves patient outcomes. Mobile health apps, designed to analyze skin lesions through AI algorithms and machine learning models, present an alluring solution to enhance accessibility and promptness of detection. The study, conducted by Dutch researchers and published in BMC Cancer, utilized in-depth online focus groups engaging 33 healthcare providers—dermatologists and GPs—to capture nuanced insights into their reservations and enthusiasm about these digital tools.
The dialogues revealed that while mHealth apps hold the potential to transform skin cancer detection, healthcare providers remain wary of critical risks that could undermine patient safety. Among these, the specter of incorrect diagnoses stands paramount. Providers fear that AI systems might misclassify lesions, either overlooking malignancies or generating false positives, both of which carry grave implications for patient care pathways. Such diagnostic inaccuracies could lead to delays in treatment or unnecessary anxiety and interventions, raising questions about the clinical reliability of current mHealth solutions.
Another significant concern voiced by clinicians relates to the potential exclusion of subpopulations. There is apprehension that AI models, often trained on limited or non-representative datasets, might underperform across diverse skin types and demographic groups, thereby exacerbating health disparities. This limitation could marginalize patients with darker skin tones or atypical lesion presentations, ultimately thwarting the universal applicability of these apps.
Equally pressing is the anxiety among general practitioners about losing autonomy in clinical decision-making. As gatekeepers of the diagnostic journey, GPs expressed apprehension that reliance on mHealth apps could erode their expert judgment, relegating them to mere intermediaries who defer to algorithmic outputs without understanding the underlying rationale. This perceived dilution of clinical experience threatens the nuanced, patient-centered care that practitioners strive to deliver.
In contrast to these risks, healthcare providers acknowledged tangible benefits that AI-powered mHealth apps could bring to the table. Foremost, these tools have the capacity to raise public awareness regarding skin cancer, encouraging individuals to monitor their skin vigilantly and seek timely medical advice. Such heightened vigilance could lead to earlier consultations, especially in populations with limited access to dermatological services.
Beyond promoting awareness, mHealth apps may facilitate the early detection of skin cancer by providing preliminary screenings that expedite the referral process. This function is particularly valuable in healthcare systems strained by workforce shortages and long waiting lists, potentially alleviating bottlenecks and optimizing resource allocation.
Furthermore, clinicians recognized that well-integrated mHealth applications could streamline the patient journey, making encounters more efficient and targeted. By filtering low-risk cases and flagging high-risk lesions, these apps could help prioritize consultations, thus enhancing the overall quality and timeliness of care delivery.
However, healthcare providers underscored that for such benefits to materialize, several stringent preconditions must be met before they endorse these technologies. Central to this is the requirement for evidence-based verification of the apps’ diagnostic accuracy and performance. Providers emphasized the necessity for robust clinical validation through rigorous trials, transparency in AI algorithms, and ongoing monitoring to ensure reliability and safety in real-world settings.
Integration of mHealth apps into established clinical workflows emerged as another pivotal necessity. Systems that operate in silos or add complexity rather than streamline processes are unlikely to gain clinician support. Seamless compatibility with electronic health records and clear pathways for follow-up actions were highlighted as instrumental in fostering adoption.
Liability issues also surfaced as a critical consideration. Healthcare providers demand clarity regarding accountability in scenarios where diagnostic errors lead to adverse patient outcomes. The ambiguous legal terrain surrounding AI-driven diagnostic tools calls for explicit guidelines and protective frameworks to safeguard both patients and practitioners.
Additionally, the design of these applications must prioritize accessibility and inclusivity to encompass diverse populations effectively. User-friendly interfaces, culturally sensitive content, and accommodation of various literacy levels were cited as crucial factors that influence both patient uptake and clinical endorsement.
The study illuminates a crucial juncture in the digital transformation of dermatology and primary care. While the allure of AI-powered mHealth applications is unmistakable, bridging the gap between technological innovation and clinical acceptance requires concerted efforts to address legitimate concerns meticulously. Only by harmonizing accuracy, inclusivity, integration, and legal clarity can these digital tools transcend their current limitations and fulfill their promise of enhancing skin cancer care.
Moreover, the findings underscore the imperative for multidisciplinary collaboration among app developers, healthcare professionals, regulatory bodies, and patients to co-create solutions that resonate with real-world needs. Engaging users in the design and validation process is vital to cultivating trust and ensuring that the technology serves as a genuine adjunct rather than a disruptive force.
Looking ahead, ongoing research should focus on expanding the datasets used for AI training to encompass broader demographic variability, thereby mitigating biases. Parallelly, continuous education for healthcare providers about the capabilities and constraints of AI tools will empower more informed usage and critical appraisal.
This qualitative exploration into healthcare providers’ perspectives offers invaluable guidance for stakeholders striving to harness AI’s potential in skin cancer triage. It paints a cautiously optimistic picture—one that acknowledges substantial hurdles but also charts a roadmap toward responsible and impactful implementation.
As we advance into an era where artificial intelligence interlaces with everyday clinical decisions, the balance between innovation and prudence will dictate whether mHealth apps become a ubiquitous asset in combating skin cancer or a niche curiosity overshadowed by skepticism. The onus lies not merely on technology but on thoughtful integration that respects the complexity of medical practice and the primacy of patient welfare.
In sum, while AI-powered mobile health applications stand poised to revolutionize skin cancer diagnostics, their future hinges on transparent validation, user-centric design, legal frameworks, and seamless clinical embedding. Only by addressing these multifaceted challenges can the technology achieve widespread acceptance and truly transform the skin cancer care continuum.
Subject of Research: Healthcare providers’ perceptions of mobile health applications integrated with artificial intelligence for skin cancer triage in the general population.
Article Title: Mobile health apps for skin cancer triage in the general population: a qualitative study on healthcare providers’ perspectives.
Article References:
Sangers, T.E., Wakkee, M., Moolenburgh, F. et al. Mobile health apps for skin cancer triage in the general population: a qualitative study on healthcare providers’ perspectives. BMC Cancer 25, 851 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14244-3
Image Credits: Scienmag.com
