Correlation analysis between serum bile acid profiles and colonic neoplasms

Background and objectives

Currently, the mechanism of occurrence and development of colonic polyps and colonic cancer has not been fully elucidated. Previous studies have shown a certain relationship between bile acid (BA) profile and the development of colonic cancer. Through an analysis of the relationship between alterations in the serum BA profile and colonic neoplasms, this study sought to develop new biomarkers for assessing the risk of colon illnesses and offer fresh perspectives for identifying treatment targets.

Methods

The study encompassed 135 individuals who showed no abnormalities during colonoscopy, 204 patients with colonic polyps, and 92 patients with colonic cancer, all diagnosed and treated at Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, from January 1, 2022, to June 1, 2023. Serum BA profiles, liver function, and clinical data were collected for statistical analysis.

Results

The concentration of deoxycholic acid in patients with colonic neoplasms was lower than that in the control group, whereas levels of taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, and glycochenodeoxycholic acid were significantly higher in the colonic neoplasms group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that there were statistical differences in the content of cholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, and glycoursodeoxycholic acid among different pathological types of colonic neoplasms. Logistic regression analysis indicated a negative correlation between the concentration of glycodeoxycholic acid and the risk of developing colonic neoplasms.

Conclusions

This study suggests a potential relationship between serum BA levels and the incidence and progression of colonic neoplasms. Patients with colonic neoplasms exhibited higher levels of primary conjugated BAs and lower levels of secondary free BAs. Further research is necessary, as the current understanding of how components of the BA profile are involved in colonic neoplasms remains unclear.

Full text

The study was recently published in the Cancer Screening and Prevention.

Cancer Screening and Prevention (CSP) publishes high-quality research and review articles related to cancer screening and prevention. It aims to provide a platform for studies that develop innovative and creative strategies and precise models for screening, early detection, and prevention of various cancers. Studies on the integration of precision cancer prevention multiomics where cancer screening, early detection and prevention regimens can precisely reflect the risk of cancer from dissected genomic and environmental parameters are particularly welcome.

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