A groundbreaking study published in BMC Psychiatry in 2025 has revealed compelling evidence supporting the efficacy of mental health-based self-care counseling in mitigating anxiety and depression among women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This randomized clinical trial, conducted over a year at Amir al-Momenin Hospital in Semnan, sheds light on a novel approach that not only targets psychological distress but also enhances overall health behavior and self-efficacy during pregnancy.
Gestational diabetes, a condition characterized by glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy, is known to significantly elevate the risk of adverse physical outcomes for both mother and child. However, less attention has been paid to the psychological toll this condition exacts. Anxiety and depression are pervasive among affected women, aggravating risks and complicating management. The study’s innovative mental health self-care counseling model aims to fill this gap by fostering awareness, recognition, and coping mechanisms tailored specifically for this demographic.
Eighty-four pregnant women with confirmed gestational diabetes were randomly assigned to either an intervention group, receiving comprehensive mental health-based self-care counseling, or a control group receiving standard care. The intervention comprised six weekly individual counseling sessions, each lasting between 30 to 45 minutes, delivered via a computer-linked platform. This digital method enabled personalized engagement while maintaining consistency in content delivery. Comprehensive data collection occurred at four critical junctures: pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, one month following completion, and six weeks postpartum.
Measurement instruments included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), alongside assessments of health behaviors, mental health self-care practices, and gestational diabetes self-efficacy. These validated tools provided a multidimensional profile of participants’ psychological and behavioral states, allowing for robust analysis of the intervention’s impact over time.
The results were striking. Anxiety scores in the intervention group showed a significant decline from a mean of 6.85 pre-intervention to 2.07 six weeks postpartum, compared to a modest change in the control group. Similarly, depression scores followed a parallel trajectory, with the intervention group decreasing from 6.03 to 5.15 at six weeks postpartum, whereas the control group scores worsened substantially. Statistical analysis indicated these differences were highly significant (p < 0.001), with substantial effect sizes (η² = 0.56 for anxiety and 0.60 for depression), underscoring the intervention’s strong therapeutic effect.
Beyond merely alleviating symptoms of anxiety and depression, the self-care counseling fostered notable improvements in participants’ health-promoting behaviors and self-efficacy related to managing gestational diabetes. This holistic benefit highlights the potential of such psychological interventions to influence lifestyle changes, which are critical for optimal pregnancy outcomes.
Crucially, linear regression analyses identified mental health self-care as the strongest predictor of reduced anxiety and depression, with a beta coefficient of -0.393 (p < 0.001). This finding elucidates the central role that empowering individuals through self-care plays in mediating mental health improvements, offering a targeted mechanism for clinical application.
The study’s design carefully incorporated advanced randomization methods to reduce bias and improve the validity of findings. Block randomization ensured balanced group allocation, while repeated measures over an extended period enabled the assessment of both immediate and sustained benefits of the intervention. Moreover, the computer-linked delivery harnessed technology to potentially broaden scalability and accessibility of such counseling programs.
This research is particularly timely as gestational diabetes rates continue to rise globally, paralleling increases in obesity and metabolic disorders among reproductive-aged women. Mental health complications in this population exacerbate both maternal and neonatal morbidity, underscoring the urgent need for integrative management strategies that encompass psychological dimensions.
While pharmacological treatments and standard prenatal care address physiological aspects of GDM, the incorporation of mental health-focused self-care counseling could herald a paradigm shift. By equipping women with cognitive and behavioral tools to manage psychological distress, healthcare providers can mitigate negative emotional impacts and potentially influence physiological disease progression via reduced stress-related hormonal dysregulation.
These findings advocate for the integration of mental health-based self-care counseling within prenatal services for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Policy implications include training healthcare workers in delivering such interventions and leveraging digital platforms to extend reach, especially in resource-limited settings.
Future research directions might explore adaptation of this counseling model across different cultural contexts and its applicability to other pregnancy-related complications associated with elevated psychological distress. Additionally, long-term follow-up into postpartum periods could elucidate the persistency of mental health and behavioral gains.
In conclusion, mental health-based self-care counseling emerges as a potent, non-pharmacologic intervention capable of substantially reducing anxiety and depression in gestational diabetes patients. The enhancement of health behavior and self-efficacy further amplifies its clinical utility, presenting a comprehensive strategy to improve maternal mental health and pregnancy outcomes. This study marks a significant advancement in obstetric mental health care research, offering hope and practical solutions for a vulnerable population.
Subject of Research: Mental health interventions targeting anxiety and depression in women with gestational diabetes through a self-care counseling model.
Article Title: The effect of mental health-based self-care model counseling on anxiety and depression in women with gestational diabetes: a randomized clinical trial
Article References:
Daraie, M., Adib-Rad, H., Nasiri‑Amiri, F. et al. The effect of mental health-based self-care model counseling on anxiety and depression in women with gestational diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Psychiatry (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07605-6
Image Credits: AI Generated
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07605-6
