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Home Science News Mathematics

Gender inequality across US states revealed by new tool

July 17, 2024
in Mathematics
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Unveiling gender inequality in the US: Testing validity of a state-level measure of gender inequality and its relationship with feminist online collective action on Twitter
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Researchers have developed and validated a new tool for comparing gender inequality among different regions of a country, highlighting links between gender inequality, wellbeing, and participation in the #MeToo movement within the US. Bruno Gabriel Salvador Casara of New York University Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates and colleagues present the tool and findings in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on July 17, 2024.

Unveiling gender inequality in the US: Testing validity of a state-level measure of gender inequality and its relationship with feminist online collective action on Twitter

Credit: Salvador Casara et al., 2024, PLOS ONE, CC-BY 4.0 (

Researchers have developed and validated a new tool for comparing gender inequality among different regions of a country, highlighting links between gender inequality, wellbeing, and participation in the #MeToo movement within the US. Bruno Gabriel Salvador Casara of New York University Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates and colleagues present the tool and findings in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on July 17, 2024.

Gender inequality is a persistent worldwide problem with negative impacts for women and for society in general. To assess gender disparities, the United Nations and other groups typically favor a scoring system known as the Gender Inequality Index, which incorporates measurements of women’s reproductive health, social and political empowerment, and participation in the labor market. However, this tool is designed to measure gender inequality only at the resolution of an entire country.

To enable within-country comparisons, Salvador Casara and colleagues adapted the Gender Inequality Index for state-level resolution. They demonstrated the new tool’s effectiveness by analyzing gender-inequality dynamics among states within the US.

They found that US states were “substantially gender-unequal overall”. Arkansas, Louisiana and Oklahoma scored highest for gender inequality, while Massachusetts, California and Maine scored lowest.

States with a higher index score—indicating greater gender inequality at the expense of women—tended to score lower on measures of women’s wellness, including life satisfaction, financial wellbeing, and feeling safe. Men in these states also tended to have somewhat lower financial wellbeing, in line with prior research linking gender inequality with overall poorer economic growth.

The researchers also used Twitter data to test the link between gender inequality and involvement in the #MeToo movement, which pushed for greater awareness of sexual abuse and violence against women. They found that states with higher inequality scores tended to generate fewer tweets with the #MeToo hashtag, suggesting that greater gender inequality may diminish awareness and activism around #MeToo issues.

In addition, states with more conservative political leanings tended to have higher gender inequality scores.

The researchers call for further research to deepen understanding of the implications of their findings. Meanwhile, they note, their analysis demonstrates that the state-level Gender Inequality Index could be a valuable tool for policymakers and advocates to study and address gender disparities within specific regions of a country.

#####

In your coverage please use this URL to provide access to the freely available article in PLOS ONE:

Citation: Salvador Casara BG, Lucarini A, Knowles ED, Suitner C (2024) Unveiling gender inequality in the US: Testing validity of a state-level measure of gender inequality and its relationship with feminist online collective action on Twitter. PLoS ONE 19(7): e0306121.

Author Countries: United Arab Emirates, Italy, USA

Funding: The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.



Journal

PLoS ONE

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0306121

Method of Research

Observational study

Subject of Research

People

Article Title

Unveiling gender inequality in the US: Testing validity of a state-level measure of gender inequality and its relationship with feminist online collective action on Twitter

Article Publication Date

17-Jul-2024

COI Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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