In a groundbreaking study published in BMC Nursing, researchers have embarked on an ambitious project aimed at developing a comprehensive practice model for evidence-based health service development tailored specifically for public health nursing in Japan. The study, which utilized the Delphi method, exemplifies the transformative potential of structured expert consensus in shaping health policies and practices. As the landscape of public health continues to evolve, the implementation of improved frameworks is essential in ensuring that healthcare services are both effective and responsive to the needs of communities.
The need for such a model arises from a well-documented gap between theoretical knowledge and actual practice in public health nursing. Traditional paradigms often lack the dynamism and adaptability required to meet contemporary health challenges. By focusing on an evidence-based approach, the researchers aim to bridge this gap, allowing for more robust and informed decision-making processes that are grounded in recent scientific evidence. This shift holds significant implications not only for public health outcomes but also for the professional development of nurses working within these frameworks.
The Delphi method, employed in this study, involves a structured process for gathering expert opinions through a series of questionnaires. This technique is particularly advantageous in a field as multifaceted as public health, where it can be challenging to reach a consensus on best practices. By engaging a diverse panel of experts, the researchers were able to identify key themes and priorities that should underpin the development of public health services. This participatory approach not only enriches the data but also fosters greater buy-in and acceptance from stakeholders who might be impacted by the resulting model.
A fundamental aspect of developing a practice model is identifying the core competencies required for public health nursing. The research team highlighted critical competencies such as community engagement, intercultural communication, and health advocacy as indispensable. These skills empower nurses to effectively connect with diverse populations, understand their unique health needs, and advocate for resources and policies that promote health equity. In a nation as diverse as Japan, where cultural nuances significantly influence health behaviors, the importance of these competencies cannot be overstated.
The study also emphasizes the significance of continuous professional development in public health nursing. As the health landscape shifts, nurses must be equipped with the latest knowledge and skills to adapt their practice accordingly. The proposed model aims to incorporate ongoing training opportunities, ensuring that public health nurses are well-versed in the latest research findings, innovative health interventions, and emerging public health challenges. This commitment to lifelong learning is essential for maximizing the impact of nursing on community health outcomes.
Collaboration emerged as a fundamental principle throughout the study, with a particular focus on interdisciplinary work. Public health challenges are rarely one-dimensional; they require a coordinated response that brings together a range of professionals from various fields. The development of the proposed model prioritizes collaborative practices, encouraging public health nurses to partner with other healthcare providers, social workers, and community organizations. This integrated approach enhances resource sharing and facilitates the development of comprehensive health strategies tailored to specific community needs.
The findings of this research raise critical questions about the role of policy-makers in supporting the implementation of the proposed model. As public health nurses work to bridge the gap between evidence and practice, it is vital for policy-makers to create an enabling environment that fosters innovation and adoption of evidence-based services. The study calls for greater alignment between health policies and the realities faced by nurses on the ground. By advocating for policies that prioritize evidence-based practices, stakeholders can help build a more resilient and effective public health infrastructure.
Despite the promise of the proposed model, the study acknowledges several barriers to its implementation. For example, resource limitations, including financial constraints and staff shortages, can pose significant challenges to health service delivery. The research underscores the importance of addressing these barriers head-on, advocating for strategies that enhance resource allocation and support the workforce involved in public health nursing. Overcoming these obstacles will be critical to realizing the vision of a health ecosystem where evidence-based practices flourish.
In addition to these systemic challenges, the study offers insights into the need for cultural considerations in the adaptation of health service models. As a nation with a rich tapestry of cultural identities, the application of a singular model across diverse populations could risk being ineffective. Thus, public health nursing practices must be flexible enough to accommodate local customs, beliefs, and health behaviors. The proposed framework encourages cultural sensitivity and adaptability, ensuring that health services resonate with the communities they serve.
Moreover, engaging community members in the development of health services is critical. The research highlights the importance of participatory methods that allow community voices to be heard and prioritized in the decision-making process. By fostering collaboration between public health professionals and the community, the resulting services are more likely to be relevant, accepted, and successful in improving health outcomes. This community-oriented approach signifies a significant shift toward a model that values the input and experiences of those directly impacted by public health initiatives.
The study’s implications extend beyond Japan’s borders, providing valuable insights for public health nursing practices globally. As countries navigate similar challenges in healthcare delivery and reform, the lessons learned from this research can be adapted and applied to diverse contexts. Shared knowledge and collaboration among nations can propel the evolution of public health service models, ultimately leading to improved health outcomes worldwide. The global health community can benefit immensely from frameworks that prioritize evidence-based practices, interdisciplinary collaboration, and community engagement.
As the study concludes, it underscores the urgent need for continued research in this vital area. While the Delphi survey has provided foundational insights, there is a myriad of questions that remain to be explored. Future studies should examine the practical application of the proposed model in real-world settings, assess its impact on health outcomes, and explore how these frameworks can adapt to an ever-changing health environment. The endeavor to develop a robust, evidence-based practice model for public health nursing in Japan is just the beginning of a significant journey toward enhancing health service delivery.
As public health nursing continues to evolve, it is imperative that researchers, clinicians, and policymakers alike recognize the necessity of frameworks that are both innovative and sustainable. The construction of an evidence-based model promises to serve as a springboard for revitalizing public health nursing in Japan. With the commitment of all stakeholders, the envisioned model can help sculpt a proactive, resilient, and effective public health system ready to meet the challenges of the future.
Subject of Research: Development of an evidence-based health service model for public health nursing in Japan.
Article Title: Construction of a practice model of evidence-based health service development for public health nursing in Japan: a Delphi survey.
Article References: Okamoto, R., Izumi, H., Hirano, M. et al. Construction of a practice model of evidence-based health service development for public health nursing in Japan: a Delphi survey. BMC Nurs 24, 1312 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03820-4
Image Credits: AI Generated
DOI: 10.1186/s12912-025-03820-4
Keywords: evidence-based practice, public health nursing, Delphi method, health service development, community engagement, interdisciplinary collaboration, cultural considerations.
