Friday, September 5, 2025
Science
No Result
View All Result
  • Login
  • HOME
  • SCIENCE NEWS
  • CONTACT US
  • HOME
  • SCIENCE NEWS
  • CONTACT US
No Result
View All Result
Scienmag
No Result
View All Result
Home Science News Science Education

‘Floating duck syndrome’ tricks people into working hard but failing to achieve their goals

July 23, 2024
in Science Education
Reading Time: 3 mins read
0
81
SHARES
736
VIEWS
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter
ADVERTISEMENT

When people present themselves as being effortlessly high-achieving or ‘perfect’, this phenomenon can deceive onlookers into believing success is more easily achieved than it actually is – and lead them to underinvest effort towards their goals and to spread themselves too thinly as a result.

When people present themselves as being effortlessly high-achieving or ‘perfect’, this phenomenon can deceive onlookers into believing success is more easily achieved than it actually is – and lead them to underinvest effort towards their goals and to spread themselves too thinly as a result.

New research in Evolutionary Human Sciences, published by Cambridge University Press, analysed ‘floating duck syndrome’, a term coined at Stanford University, which refers to the pressure on individuals to advertise their successes but hide the effort put in to achieve them; like a duck gliding effortlessly along the surface of the water. At the University of Pennsylvania, where the research was conducted, this social phenomenon is also known as ‘Penn Face’.

The researchers developed a mathematical model of how social learning – learning from observing and imitating – functions in the presence of visibility biases – such as people who appear effortlessly perfect. Specifically, using students choosing activities as a case study, they modelled a world wherein individuals try to make optimal decisions about how much effort to put into their work but have incomplete information about the difficulty of the world and how much effort it takes to succeed in a given activity.

The researchers found that as a result of the biased information, individuals in the model mistakenly expected greater rewards for their effort than those they received. These findings are highly relevant in today’s modern world, given overcommitment in work and education settings is well documented and is frequently associated with adverse outcomes such as depression and anxiety.

Erol Akçay of the University of Pennsylvania said: “We found that not revealing the actual amount of effort results in social learning dynamics that lead others to underestimate the difficulty of the world. This in turn leads individuals both to invest too much total effort and spread this effort over too many activities, reducing the success rate from each activity and creating effort-reward imbalances.

“These findings matter. Modern life constantly calls upon us to decide how to divide our time and energy between different domains of life, including school, work, family, and leisure. How we allocate our time and energy between these domains, how many different activities we pursue in each domain, and what the resulting rewards are, have profound effects on our mental and physical health.

“Floating duck syndrome is often exacerbated by social media platforms and institutional public relations, which make successes more visible but not necessarily failures or the effort spent to achieve successes.

“Misunderstanding how much effort their peers invest to succeed causes individuals to invest too much total effort, while at the same time dividing it between too many different activities. Our research found that this can indeed lead to a higher number of successes, but at the cost of reducing overall utility as well as a mismatch between expected and realised rewards.”

The researchers identified that even if individuals sometimes achieve more successes in absolute number following increased overall effort, their success rate – meaning their number of successes per total effort – goes down, because they invest into too many activities.

These findings provide a new hypothesis for understanding the root cause of overcommitment and burnout on university campuses, and in workplaces, and within the home, and suggest new points of intervention to address the problem by helping individuals make better decisions about how to invest their effort.

 

When failure is a solution

The researchers also evaluated potential solutions to the overcommitment and burnout problems sparked by the floating duck syndrome. Short-term solutions like making assignments or qualifications easier to achieve won’t work, according to the researchers. Counteracting the underreporting of effort in social learning dynamics is the type of root cause change that is required. For example, sharing ‘shadow CVs’ more widely – meaning CVs that include not just successfully completed degrees, activities, and awards, but also failed activities, awards, unsuccessful applications, and the like – would be helpful.

More broadly, fostering a culture of openness around effort, success, and failure is essential if individuals are to apply themselves in ways that are truly informed, and therefore enable them to flourish.



Journal

Evolutionary Human Sciences

DOI

10.1017/ehs.2024.20

Method of Research

Observational study

Subject of Research

People

Article Title

‘Floating duck syndrome’ tricks people into working hard but failing to achieve their goals

Share32Tweet20
Previous Post

nTIDE July 2024 Deeper Dive: ‘ADA Generation’ drives employment gains for people with disabilities

Next Post

Digital food ordering drives increased indulgence and spending, USF study finds

Related Posts

Science Education

Thai Medical Students: Research Skills and Motivations

September 5, 2025
blank
Science Education

Impact of Education on Pharmaceutical Promotion in Pakistan

September 5, 2025
blank
Science Education

Early Clinical Experience Sparks Medical Student Growth

September 5, 2025
blank
Science Education

Revolutionizing Blood Cell Education with AI Technology

September 4, 2025
blank
Science Education

Extensive Reading Boosts EFL Undergraduates’ Writing Skills

September 4, 2025
blank
Science Education

Authors and Reviewers Support Transparent Peer Review Pilot

September 4, 2025
Next Post
Dipayan Biswas -- University of South Florida

Digital food ordering drives increased indulgence and spending, USF study finds

  • Mothers who receive childcare support from maternal grandparents show more parental warmth, finds NTU Singapore study

    Mothers who receive childcare support from maternal grandparents show more parental warmth, finds NTU Singapore study

    27544 shares
    Share 11014 Tweet 6884
  • University of Seville Breaks 120-Year-Old Mystery, Revises a Key Einstein Concept

    959 shares
    Share 384 Tweet 240
  • Bee body mass, pathogens and local climate influence heat tolerance

    643 shares
    Share 257 Tweet 161
  • Researchers record first-ever images and data of a shark experiencing a boat strike

    510 shares
    Share 204 Tweet 128
  • Warm seawater speeding up melting of ‘Doomsday Glacier,’ scientists warn

    313 shares
    Share 125 Tweet 78
Science

Embark on a thrilling journey of discovery with Scienmag.com—your ultimate source for cutting-edge breakthroughs. Immerse yourself in a world where curiosity knows no limits and tomorrow’s possibilities become today’s reality!

RECENT NEWS

  • New Study Reveals Rapid Insect Decline in Pristine Ecosystems
  • Scientists Uncover Vast Geo-Hydrogen Reservoir West of Mussau Trench
  • Unveiling North America’s Influence on Asia’s Monsoons: New Perspectives on Climate Change
  • Scientists Convert Plastic Waste into High-Performance CO2 Capture Materials

Categories

  • Agriculture
  • Anthropology
  • Archaeology
  • Athmospheric
  • Biology
  • Blog
  • Bussines
  • Cancer
  • Chemistry
  • Climate
  • Earth Science
  • Marine
  • Mathematics
  • Medicine
  • Pediatry
  • Policy
  • Psychology & Psychiatry
  • Science Education
  • Social Science
  • Space
  • Technology and Engineering

Subscribe to Blog via Email

Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.

Join 5,183 other subscribers

© 2025 Scienmag - Science Magazine

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In
No Result
View All Result
  • HOME
  • SCIENCE NEWS
  • CONTACT US

© 2025 Scienmag - Science Magazine

Discover more from Science

Subscribe now to keep reading and get access to the full archive.

Continue reading