New research published in The American Journal of Medicine by a team at Florida Atlantic University’s Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine reveals a compelling and alarming connection between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in U.S. adults. This comprehensive meta-analysis, examining data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), found that individuals with the highest intake of UPFs experienced a 47% greater risk of heart attack or stroke compared to those consuming the least. This evidence underscores the urgency of addressing dietary patterns dominated by UPFs to curb the rising tide of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Ultra-processed foods represent a category of industrially engineered products characterized by the extensive addition of fats, sugars, starches, salts, and chemical additives such as emulsifiers and preservatives. Examples include sodas, packaged snacks, and processed meats, which are stripped of their natural nutrient content. These foods introduce novel compounds foreign to human metabolism, potentially inducing adverse health outcomes. In contemporary American diets, UPFs constitute approximately 60% of caloric intake in adults and nearly 70% in children, highlighting their pervasive presence.
Prior epidemiological studies have established correlations between UPF consumption and hallmark components of metabolic syndrome, including obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Moreover, UPF intake correlates with elevated levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein, a biomarker indicative of systemic inflammation and a predictor of cardiovascular events. While these associations suggested a mechanistic link, direct evidence connecting UPFs to clinical cardiovascular outcomes remained scant, necessitating rigorous investigation.
The current study meticulously analyzed dietary and health data from 4,787 U.S. adults aged 18 and above, sampled between 2021 and 2023. Participants provided detailed 24-hour dietary recalls over two separate days, enabling researchers to quantify the proportion of daily caloric consumption derived from UPFs using an established classification system. Participants were stratified into quartiles based on their UPF intake, facilitating comparative risk assessments.
Cardiovascular disease was defined by self-reported medical history of myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident. The analysis controlled for confounding variables including age, sex, race and ethnicity, smoking status, and socioeconomic factors such as income. The mean age of this nationally representative cohort was 55 years, with women constituting 56% of the sample. After statistical adjustments, individuals in the highest quartile of UPF consumption manifested a 47% statistically significant increase in CVD risk relative to those in the lowest quartile.
These findings resonate profoundly within the broader public health context. The ubiquity of UPFs within the modern food supply, coupled with their insidious role in exacerbating cardiovascular risk, calls for urgent intervention. The researchers draw parallels to the historic trajectory of tobacco control, suggesting that widespread recognition and policy-driven reduction of UPFs may follow a similar albeit protracted path.
However, unlike tobacco, the challenges surrounding UPFs are compounded by their deep market penetration by multinational corporations and the embedded nature of these products within the food environment. Moreover, socioeconomic disparities create formidable barriers to accessing wholesome, nutrient-rich foods, necessitating policy frameworks that ensure equitable access and affordability of healthier options.
Dr. Charles H. Hennekens, lead author and senior academic advisor at the FAU Schmidt College of Medicine, emphasizes the dual imperative of individual behavioral change and structural transformation. Clinical practitioners are urged to integrate dietary counseling that highlights the deleterious cardiovascular impacts of UPFs, while public health initiatives must prioritize creating environments where nutritious foods are the default choice.
The implications extend beyond cardiovascular health. Co-author Dr. Allison H. Ferris highlights emerging evidence connecting UPFs with rising colorectal cancer incidences in younger populations. The shared risk factors between CVD and certain cancers underscore the multifaceted health burden attributable to UPF consumption.
While acknowledging the necessity for large-scale randomized controlled trials to conclusively establish causality and inform guidelines, the current evidence advises immediate action. Healthcare providers should advocate for reduced UPF consumption as part of comprehensive lifestyle modification strategies alongside pharmacological therapies with proven cardiovascular benefit.
This groundbreaking study integrates contributions from multidisciplinary scholars, including statistics experts and medical students, to illuminate a critical public health issue at the nexus of nutrition, chronic disease, and societal well-being. The data generated not only catalyze further research but also provide actionable insights for policy-makers, clinicians, and individuals alike.
In an era defined by escalating chronic disease prevalence, this research spotlights ultra-processed foods as a modifiable dietary factor with substantial cardiovascular repercussions. The path forward mandates concerted efforts to redefine food environments, empower consumers, and enact policies that prioritize human health over industrial profit.
Subject of Research: People
Article Title: Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Increased Risks of Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Adults
News Publication Date: 30-Jan-2026
Web References: https://www.amjmed.com/article/S0002-9343(26)00054-9/abstract
References: DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2026.01.012
Image Credits: Florida Atlantic University
Keywords
Public health, diets, human health, foods, beverages, food chemistry, food additives, food preservatives, cardiovascular disorders, cardiac arrest, cardiovascular disease, heart disease, myocarditis, brain injuries, cerebrovascular disorders
