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	<title>Optica &#8211; Science</title>
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	<title>Optica &#8211; Science</title>
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		<title>Record-Breaking Attosecond Hard X-Ray Flashes Bring Electron Motion Into Focus</title>
		<link>https://scienmag.com/record-breaking-attosecond-hard-x-ray-flashes-bring-electron-motion-into-focus/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Bethany Barker]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Oct 2026 02:35:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Chemistry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplified spontaneous emission]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[atomic and molecular imaging]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Attosecond hard X-ray pulses]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[attosecond pulse generation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[attosecond pulses]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Electron Dynamics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[electron motion observation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European XFEL]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European XFEL advancements]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fluence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free-electron laser technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard X-rays]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[high-intensity X-ray flashes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kirkpatrick–Baez optics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[laser pulse focusing techniques]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nonlinear X-ray interactions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peak intensity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ultrafast electron dynamics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ultrafast science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ultrafast spectroscopy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ultrashort laser pulses]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[X-ray fluence and intensity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[X-ray free-electron laser]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://scienmag.com/?p=292722</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Researchers at the European XFEL have produced hard X-ray attosecond pulses with record intensity and fluence, focused to a spot 100,000 times smaller than a human hair, enabling new studies of electron dynamics in atoms and molecules.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Scientists working at the European XFEL, the world&#8217;s most powerful X-ray free-electron laser facility, have generated hard X-ray flashes that are both astonishingly brief and more intense than any attosecond pulse of this kind produced before. The pulses lasted an estimated 300 attoseconds, where one attosecond is a billionth of a billionth of a second, and they were concentrated onto a spot so small that the team describes it as roughly 100,000 times smaller than the cross-section of a typical human hair. The achievement, reported in the journal Optica, sets what the researchers call a world record in both intensity and fluence for a hard-X-ray attosecond pulse, and it opens a path toward watching, and perhaps one day steering, the frantic dance of electrons inside atoms and molecules.</p>
<p>The distinction between the two records matters for understanding why the result is significant. Fluence measures how much energy the light delivers to a given area, while intensity also takes into account how quickly that energy arrives. A pulse can carry a modest amount of energy and still reach enormous intensity if it is compressed into an extremely short duration and an extremely small focus. The European XFEL team achieved both compression and focusing simultaneously, packing their X-ray light into a pulse lasting only a few hundred attoseconds and then squeezing that pulse down to a focal spot measuring just 180 by 330 nanometres. A nanometre is a billionth of a metre, so the illuminated area is comparable in scale to individual features of nanoscale matter.</p>
<p>Hard X-rays are the short-wavelength end of the X-ray spectrum, and their short wavelength is precisely what makes them valuable for resolving atomic-scale structure. Combining hard X-rays with attosecond durations is a long-sought goal because electrons rearrange themselves on attosecond timescales. When a molecule absorbs light, when a chemical bond breaks, or when radiation damages living tissue, the earliest events are shifts in the positions and energies of electrons. Capturing those shifts requires a probe that is faster than the motion itself. Until recently, ultrashort pulses at such high photon energies were either too weak to drive measurable responses in a sample or too long to resolve the fastest electronic dynamics.</p>
<p>The experiment was carried out in April 2026 at the MID instrument of the European XFEL, and the pulses were generated in the facility&#8217;s undulator, a device in which a cloud of relativistic electrons wiggles through a magnetic field with alternating polarity, emitting sharp bursts of X-rays in the process. Generating powerful attosecond pulses, however, is only half of the challenge. As DESY scientist Jiawei Yan, one of the corresponding authors of the study, explained, a few years ago the team demonstrated terawatt-scale hard X-ray attosecond pulses at the European XFEL, but what really matters for experiments is what can be delivered to the sample. With this advance, he noted, attosecond X-rays can now be used to explore highly nonlinear interactions between X-rays and matter.</p>
<p>The crucial step from a powerful pulse to a usable experimental tool was taken with an optical system known as an advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez, or AKB, mirror arrangement, which was brought to the facility from Japan. A Kirkpatrick–Baez system uses two extremely precise mirrors arranged in sequence: one mirror focuses the beam vertically and the other focuses it horizontally. Each X-ray flash in the experiment reflected four times in total before converging into the tiny focal spot. Reflective optics are essential at hard X-ray wavelengths because conventional lenses cannot efficiently focus such radiation; grazing-incidence mirrors coated with multilayer structures are among the few practical ways to bring hard X-rays to a diffraction-limited focus.</p>
<p>Verifying that the pulses truly reached a peak intensity of more than 10^20 watts per square centimetre required an independent measurement, and the team found an elegant one in the physics of copper. When the intense X-rays struck a copper foil, they stripped electrons from deep inner shells of the copper atoms, leaving behind vacancies, or holes, in the electronic structure. As outer electrons fell in to fill these holes, the atoms emitted characteristic X-ray light. At ordinary intensities this fluorescence radiates in all directions. But at very high intensities, the emitted light can stimulate other already-excited copper atoms to emit additional X-ray photons in exactly the same direction, amplifying the signal in a process known as amplified spontaneous emission, or ASE.</p>
<p>Anders Madsen, group leader at the MID instrument where the study was conducted, described the transition as almost magical to watch. Normal fluorescence goes in all directions regardless of the direction of the incoming beam, he observed, but when the ASE threshold is crossed, the light cone begins to condense into the forward direction. The researchers saw exactly this behaviour: the amplified signal initially rose rapidly as the pulse energy increased and then levelled off, or saturated, at higher energies. Such saturation is expected only at extremely high X-ray intensities, and its appearance provided an independent confirmation of the intensity the team had estimated from the pulse energy, pulse duration and focal-spot size.</p>
<p>The significance of crossing this threshold extends beyond setting a number. Amplified spontaneous emission is a hallmark of nonlinear X-ray matter interaction, meaning the response of the sample is no longer simply proportional to the light that hits it. Nonlinear X-ray physics has been notoriously difficult to reach because it demands photon densities far beyond what most sources can deliver. With peak intensities above 10^20 watts per square centimetre concentrated into attosecond bursts, experimenters can begin to probe regimes in which multiple X-ray photons interact with a single atom within a single pulse, a regime relevant to fundamental questions about how radiation deposits energy in matter and how inner-shell processes unfold in real time.</p>
<p>The longer-term ambition is to move from observing electrons to controlling them. Because attosecond hard X-rays can deposit energy into specific inner-shell levels of specific elements before the atom has time to rearrange, they could in principle be used to trigger and guide electronic motion during chemical reactions. The European XFEL team notes that the method could enable detailed studies of how electrons behave in atoms and molecules and, in the long term, could even allow researchers to control electrons as reactions proceed. Such element-specific, time-resolved control would complement the capabilities of optical attosecond lasers, which operate at much longer wavelengths and interact primarily with outer, valence electrons.</p>
<p>To make these capabilities available to the wider user community, European XFEL expects delivery of its own AKB mirror system in early 2027. The new system is funded through a collaboration with the University of Hamburg and with support from the Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space. Once installed and commissioned on the MID instrument, it is intended to give researchers from around the world access to X-ray flashes that are both short and intense enough to capture information about electrons before the X-rays cause substantial changes in the sample, resolving a long-standing tension in ultrafast X-ray science: the same light that reveals the sample can also destroy it. By shortening the pulse and sharpening the focus, the technique aims to record the electronic state of matter in the window between illumination and damage, turning the world&#8217;s brightest X-ray source into a camera fast enough to freeze the motion of the electrons themselves.</p>
<p><strong>Subject of Research:</strong> Generation of record-intensity attosecond hard X-ray pulses at the European XFEL for studying electron dynamics</p>
<p><strong>Article Title:</strong> World-record intensity in attosecond hard-X-ray pulses could unlock closer study of electrons in atoms and molecules</p>
<p><strong>Article References:</strong> World-record intensity in attosecond hard-X-ray pulses could unlock closer study of electrons in atoms and molecules. <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1148041" rel="noopener noreferrer">Original publication</a> (Bibliographic details unavailable.)</p>
<p><strong>Image Credits:</strong> AI Generated</p>
<p><strong>DOI:</strong> Not provided</p>
<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> European XFEL, attosecond pulses, hard X-rays, X-ray free-electron laser, amplified spontaneous emission, Kirkpatrick–Baez optics, electron dynamics, nonlinear X-ray interactions, fluence, peak intensity, Optica, ultrafast science</p>
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">292722</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>X-ray technique maps 3D chemistry 43 times faster with 97% less data</title>
		<link>https://scienmag.com/x-ray-technique-maps-3d-chemistry-43-times-faster-with-97-less-data/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Bethany Barker]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Oct 2026 20:59:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Mathematics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[3D chemical composition mapping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[3D reconstruction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[advanced materials characterization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bar-Ilan University]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[beamtime efficiency]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chemical imaging]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[compressed sensing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[computational X-ray imaging]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[element-specific X-ray mapping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[future of 3D chemical mapping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ghost imaging]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[high-speed chemical analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[low-data X-ray techniques]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[materials science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rapid chemical imaging methods]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reduction in measurement data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scientific imaging innovations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[synchrotron]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[synchrotron radiation applications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tomography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tungsten mask]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[X-ray fluorescence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[X-ray fluorescence imaging]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://scienmag.com/?p=269071</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Researchers at Bar-Ilan University and collaborating institutions have developed a structured-illumination X-ray fluorescence technique that reconstructs three-dimensional chemical maps 43 times faster than conventional methods while using over 97 percent less measurement data.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For more than a century, X-rays have given scientists the ability to look beneath the surface of things, revealing bones, cracks in metal, and the hidden architecture of materials. But looking inside an object and knowing exactly what it is made of, element by element, in three dimensions, are two very different challenges. A team of researchers at Bar-Ilan University, working with collaborators at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility and CEA and Université Grenoble Alpes, has now demonstrated a computational X-ray imaging technique that maps the three-dimensional chemical composition of an object 43 times faster than conventional approaches, while requiring more than 97 percent less measurement data. The work, published in the journal Optica, points toward a future in which detailed chemical maps of complex samples could be captured in a fraction of the time that today&#8217;s methods demand.</p>
<p>The technique addresses a fundamental bottleneck in X-ray fluorescence imaging, one of the most widely used tools for determining which chemical elements are present in a sample and where they are located. When an X-ray beam strikes a material, the atoms within it absorb energy and then re-emit fluorescent X-rays at characteristic energies, each one acting as a fingerprint for a specific element. By detecting these emissions, scientists can identify the presence of copper, zirconium, silver, or any other element without destroying the sample. The problem arises when researchers want a full three-dimensional picture. Traditional approaches require scanning the object point by point, measuring the fluorescence at each individual location, and repeating the process across many angles to build up a volumetric reconstruction. For large or intricate samples, that process can take considerable time and generate enormous volumes of data.</p>
<p>The Bar-Ilan-led team took a fundamentally different approach. Instead of measuring every point individually, they placed a randomly patterned tungsten mask in front of the X-ray beam. This mask imposes a structured pattern on the illumination, so that each measurement encodes information from multiple parts of the sample simultaneously. Rather than a series of isolated point readings, the detector captures compressed, overlapping signals that contain information about the whole volume in a form that is not immediately readable but is mathematically recoverable. The researchers then rotated a sample containing copper, zirconium, and silver while measuring the fluorescent X-rays emitted by the different elements, and a reconstruction algorithm pieced together the three-dimensional elemental structures directly from the compressed data.</p>
<p>The results were striking. The researchers were able to eliminate more than 97 percent of the measurements that would normally be required, yet still accurately reconstruct the locations of microscopic metal wires and particles within the sample. In practical terms, that means the same chemical map that once demanded a long, data-heavy scanning session can be recovered from a small fraction of the exposure. Adi Ben-Yehuda, a PhD student in Prof. Sharon Shwartz&#8217;s laboratory at Bar-Ilan University&#8217;s Department of Physics, described the surprise the team felt at how much information could be recovered from so little data. Instead of measuring every point separately, she explained, the method uses a structured X-ray pattern and lets the reconstruction algorithm assemble the information, a different way of thinking about how an X-ray image can be created.</p>
<p>The underlying idea belongs to a family of techniques known as ghost imaging, in which the image-bearing information is split between two correlated signals and recovered computationally rather than recorded directly. The new work builds on the team&#8217;s previous demonstration of two-dimensional X-ray fluorescence ghost imaging, extending the concept into a full three-dimensional imaging system. In the two-dimensional version, the structured illumination allowed the researchers to recover elemental maps without ever forming a conventional image on the detector. The leap to three dimensions required combining that compressed-sensing philosophy with tomographic reconstruction, the same mathematical framework that underlies computed tomography in medicine, but applied to fluorescence data rather than simple transmission. The result is a system in which the illumination pattern, the rotation of the sample, and the reconstruction algorithm work together as a single designed pipeline.</p>
<p>Why does speed matter so much in this field? The answer lies largely in the economics and physics of synchrotron facilities, the enormous particle-accelerator complexes where scientists use extremely bright X-ray beams to study materials at microscopic scales. Beamtime at these facilities is scarce and highly competitive, and every hour of measurement is precious. A technique that reduces the required measurements by more than 97 percent effectively multiplies the amount of science that can be extracted from a given allocation of beamtime. Faster imaging also opens experimental possibilities that are simply impractical today: scanning larger samples that would otherwise take days to map, following chemical processes as they unfold in real time, and studying delicate biological materials while reducing their cumulative exposure to damaging X-ray doses.</p>
<p>The potential applications span an unusually broad range of disciplines. In materials science, three-dimensional elemental maps reveal how alloys, catalysts, and electronic components are structured at the microscopic level, information that guides the design of stronger and more efficient materials. In green energy research, understanding the chemical distribution inside batteries and fuel cells as they charge and discharge is central to improving performance and longevity. In biology, researchers could map the distribution of trace elements within cells and tissues, where metals such as zinc, iron, and copper play essential roles in enzymes and signaling. In geology, elemental tomography can expose the growth history of minerals and the microstructure of rocks that record the planet&#8217;s past. For all of these fields, a 43-fold acceleration in acquisition time changes not just efficiency but the very scope of what can be attempted.</p>
<p>Prof. Sharon Shwartz of Bar-Ilan University framed the advance as a change in a long-standing trade-off. X-ray imaging has traditionally forced researchers to balance the amount of information they want against the time and data required to obtain it, he noted, but the new approach shows that this trade-off can be altered. By designing the X-ray illumination together with the computational reconstruction, the team can recover detailed three-dimensional chemical information from a remarkably small number of measurements. That co-design principle, in which hardware and software are developed as an integrated system rather than as separate stages, reflects a broader trend in modern imaging science, where clever mathematics increasingly substitutes for brute-force data collection.</p>
<p>The study was conducted with Dr. Alexander Rack of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility and Dr. Nicola Viganò of CEA and Université Grenoble Alpes, and was supported by the Israel Science Foundation and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The combination of an academic physics laboratory with two major European photon facilities underscores the kind of collaboration this technique will need as it matures, since structured-illumination experiments depend on precisely engineered masks and stable, brilliant X-ray sources of the kind found only at synchrotrons.</p>
<p>The researchers are already looking ahead. Their next steps include applying the technique to more complex biological and geological samples, whose heterogeneous structures and weaker elemental signals will test the robustness of the reconstruction algorithm, and incorporating artificial intelligence and deep learning to further improve imaging speed and resolution. If those efforts succeed, the compressed-measurement philosophy demonstrated here could become a standard tool at light sources around the world, turning what was once a slow, data-hungry mapping process into something fast enough to watch chemistry happen in three dimensions, live.</p>
<p><strong>Subject of Research:</strong> Compressive three-dimensional X-ray fluorescence ghost tomography for rapid chemical imaging</p>
<p><strong>Article Title:</strong> New X-ray imaging method maps 3D chemical structures 43 times faster</p>
<p><strong>Article References:</strong> New X-ray imaging method maps 3D chemical structures 43 times faster. (n.d.). <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1147536" rel="noopener noreferrer">Original publication</a></p>
<p><strong>Image Credits:</strong> AI Generated</p>
<p><strong>DOI:</strong> Not provided</p>
<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> X-ray fluorescence, ghost imaging, tomography, Bar-Ilan University, synchrotron, compressed sensing, chemical imaging, Optica, tungsten mask, 3D reconstruction, materials science, beamtime efficiency</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">269071</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Ten-Channel Photonic Interface Sets Record on Path to Networked Quantum Computers</title>
		<link>https://scienmag.com/ten-channel-photonic-interface-sets-record-on-path-to-networked-quantum-computers/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Katie Riggs]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Oct 2026 11:08:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Mathematics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[entanglement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fault tolerance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fault-tolerant quantum computers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[high-bandwidth quantum data transfer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[integrated optical waveguide array]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[large-scale quantum computing challenges]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multi-channel quantum communication]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multiplexing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neutral atoms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neutral-atom quantum computing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[optical fiber integration for quantum networks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photon collection and detection in quantum systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photonic interface]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quantum Computing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quantum information transfer technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quantum networking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quantum photonic interface]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quantum processor interconnection]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[qubits]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scalable quantum processor networking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[superconducting nanostrip detectors]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[University of Osaka]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[waveguide array]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://scienmag.com/?p=241066</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Researchers at the University of Osaka, NICT, and Hamamatsu Photonics have demonstrated a record ten-channel multiplexed quantum photonic interface that could enable neutral-atom quantum computers to be networked into fault-tolerant systems.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Researchers in Japan have demonstrated a world-record ten-channel multiplexed quantum photonic interface for neutral-atom quantum computers, a development that could prove decisive in the quest to link many quantum processors into a single, fault-tolerant machine. The work, led by Professor Takashi Yamamoto, Deputy Director of the Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology at the University of Osaka, was carried out in collaboration with the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) and Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. The team built an optical system based on an integrated optical waveguide array and showed that photons emitted from individual atoms in a neutral-atom array could be collected, transmitted, and detected in parallel through ten independent channels. The result, published in the journal Optica, addresses one of the most stubborn engineering bottlenecks on the road to large-scale quantum computing: how to get quantum information out of a processor made of atoms and into the optical fibers that could one day connect processors together.</p>
<p>The significance of the achievement becomes clear when the scaling requirements of quantum computing are considered. Neutral-atom quantum computers, which trap arrays of individual atoms in vacuum and use each atom as a qubit, are expected to operate with arrays of roughly 10,000 atoms. That sounds enormous, but fault-tolerant universal quantum computers, machines capable of correcting their own errors and running genuinely useful algorithms, are expected to require more than one million physical qubits. Error correction is the reason for this overhead: fragile quantum states must be protected by encoding logical qubits across many physical ones. No single processor is likely to reach that scale on its own, so researchers have increasingly looked toward networking, distributing entangled photons between multiple quantum processors so that they can work together. That vision demands a photonic interface capable of linking many qubits in parallel, exactly what the Osaka-led team set out to build.</p>
<p>Earlier attempts at multiplexing, the practice of handling many optical channels simultaneously, relied mainly on bundles of parallel optical fibers and were limited to only a handful of channels. The approach suffered from insufficient integration density, and the wide spacing between atoms that fiber-based schemes required made them poorly matched to conventional neutral-atom quantum computers, in which atoms are typically held just a few micrometers apart. The new interface takes a different route. The researchers incorporated an integrated optical waveguide array, a chip-like structure containing many closely spaced light-guiding channels, and demonstrated parallel photon delivery and detection from a neutral-atom array. Photons emitted from ten atoms spaced at micrometer-scale intervals were coupled into ten parallel channels of a 32-channel waveguide array, sent through optical fibers, and detected in parallel, all while preserving the quantum correlations that make the photons useful for networking.</p>
<p>The experiment went beyond simply counting detected photons. The team confirmed that inter-channel crosstalk, the unwanted leakage of light or signal between neighboring channels, was negligible, a critical property for any system that must handle many independent quantum channels at once. They also verified correlations between the quantum states of the atoms and the polarization states of the photons they emitted. Such atom-photon correlations are the raw material of entanglement between a stationary qubit, the atom, and a flying qubit, the photon, and they underpin schemes for multiplexed atom-photon entanglement and, ultimately, for connecting quantum processors across a network. The researchers report that the approach should be scalable to approximately 100 parallel channels, a figure that hints at the kind of density future networked architectures will need.</p>
<p>Detecting single photons reliably is itself a formidable technical challenge, and the Japanese collaboration brought together complementary expertise to solve it. Photon detection in the experiment was performed using a multi-channel superconducting nanostrip photon detector system. The underlying detector technology was developed by Shigehito Miki, Director of the Superconductive ICT Device Laboratory at NICT&#8217;s Kobe Frontier Research Center within the Advanced ICT Research Institute, and the complete research system for this experiment was newly built by Hideki Shimoi, a manager at the Electron Tube Division of Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Superconducting nanostrip detectors are prized in quantum optics because they combine high detection efficiency with very low noise, registering the arrival of individual photons as tiny voltage pulses when the photons break superconducting current paths chilled to cryogenic temperatures.</p>
<p>The institutional division of labor reflects how modern quantum engineering projects increasingly span academia, national research institutes, and industry. The University of Osaka handled overall coordination and implementation of the research. NICT provided the superconducting nanostrip photon detector technology and carried out part of the device fabrication process, using facilities at its Advanced ICT Device R&amp;D Promotion Center. Hamamatsu Photonics, a company with decades of experience in photodetection, developed the detector system specifically for this experiment. Yamamoto framed the collaboration as a full-stack effort: through research and development spanning from neutral-atom arrays to superconducting nanostrip photon detector systems, the team achieved the first demonstration of a multiplexed optical interface, he said, adding that the group will now scale up the degree of multiplexing and work toward connecting neutral-atom quantum computers, accelerating progress toward a fault-tolerant networked quantum computer.</p>
<p>The funding landscape behind the project is equally telling. The research was conducted as part of the Japan Science and Technology Agency&#8217;s Moonshot Research and Development Program under Moonshot Goal 6, which aims for the realization of a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer that will revolutionize economy, industry, and security by 2050. The work falls specifically within the projects on fault-tolerant networked quantum computers and on a quantum cyberspace built from networked quantum computers. Additional support came from the JST Program on Open Innovation Platform for Industry-academia Co-creation through a Quantum Software Research Hub, the JST Adopting Sustainable Partnerships for Innovative Research Ecosystem program, and Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications R&amp;D projects for priority information and communication technologies. The breadth of public investment underscores how strategically important Japan considers the networking pathway to quantum computing.</p>
<p>For the broader field, the demonstration represents an important step toward networked quantum computers with the scalability needed for fault-tolerant universal quantum computing. The architectural analogy that comes to mind is the modern data center, where many computing modules work together as a single system, connected by high-bandwidth links. In the quantum version, multiple quantum processors would be interconnected through parallel photonic links, with entangled photons shuttling quantum information between modules. A multiplexed interface is essential to that picture because a single channel would throttle the connection between processors just as a single wire would cripple a classical cluster. By showing that ten atoms can each have their photons routed through dedicated waveguide channels with negligible crosstalk and preserved quantum correlations, the team has provided a template that others can now push toward the hundred-channel scale and beyond.</p>
<p>Challenges remain before photonic interconnects can knit together million-qubit machines. The waveguide array demonstrated here contains 32 channels, of which ten were used, and extending the technology to the roughly 100 channels the researchers anticipate will require further advances in fabrication, coupling efficiency, and detector multiplexing. The interface must also ultimately preserve entanglement between atoms and photons across the full collection-and-detection chain, not merely the correlations measured in this experiment. Yet the trajectory is clear: integrated photonics, neutral-atom arrays, and superconducting detectors are converging into a coherent hardware stack for quantum networking. As Yamamoto and his colleagues refine their multiplexed interface, the dream of quantum data centers, in which racks of atomic processors exchange entanglement the way classical servers exchange data packets, moves from whiteboard concept toward laboratory reality, one carefully guided photon at a time.</p>
<p><strong>Subject of Research:</strong> Multiplexed quantum photonic interfaces for networking neutral-atom quantum computers</p>
<p><strong>Article Title:</strong> A multiplexed quantum photonic interface for neutral-atom quantum computers</p>
<p><strong>Article References:</strong> A multiplexed quantum photonic interface for neutral-atom quantum computers. (n.d.). <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1142206" rel="noopener noreferrer">Original publication</a></p>
<p><strong>Image Credits:</strong> AI Generated</p>
<p><strong>DOI:</strong> Not provided</p>
<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> quantum computing, neutral atoms, photonic interface, waveguide array, multiplexing, quantum networking, entanglement, superconducting nanostrip detectors, fault tolerance, qubits, University of Osaka, Optica</p>
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		<title>Optica Elects Delfyett as 2027 Vice President, Adds Backus and Vanholsbeeck to Board</title>
		<link>https://scienmag.com/optica-elects-delfyett-as-2027-vice-president-adds-backus-and-vanholsbeeck-to-board/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Courtney Benton]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Oct 2026 06:09:42 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Chemistry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biophotonics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[board of directors]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CREOL]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Electing Vice President in optics and photonics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Frédérique Vanholsbeeck]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global representation in optics organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Industry and academia in photonics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International optics research collaboration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Leadership roles in optical sciences]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optica governance and strategic planning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optica leadership election 2027]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optica organizational structure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optical education and research leadership]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optical Society board of directors]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peter J. Delfyett]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Photonics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Photonics industry advancements]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prominent figures in optical sciences]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[semiconductor lasers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sterling Backus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thorlabs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ultrafast optics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[University of Auckland]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://scienmag.com/?p=237044</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Optica has elected Peter J. Delfyett as its 2027 Vice President and named Sterling Backus and Frédérique Vanholsbeeck as Directors at Large for 2027 through 2029.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The optics and photonics community has a new leadership slate to watch. Optica, the international society formerly known as the Optical Society and one of the oldest and most influential professional organizations in the optical sciences, has announced that three prominent figures will join its Board of Directors. Peter J. Delfyett of CREOL, the College of Optics and Photonics at the University of Central Florida, was elected by the society&#8217;s membership to serve as the 2027 Optica Vice President. Sterling Backus of Thorlabs, Inc. in the United States and Frédérique Vanholsbeeck of the University of Auckland in New Zealand will serve as Directors at Large for the 2027 through 2029 term. The announcement, made from Washington, D.C., underscores the society&#8217;s effort to draw its governing leadership from the full breadth of the field, spanning academia, industry, and international research collaboration.</p>
<p>The vice presidency is a particularly consequential position within Optica&#8217;s governance structure. The society operates on a well-defined leadership ladder in which the vice president advances to president-elect and then to president, meaning that the person elected to the 2027 vice presidency is effectively being positioned to guide the organization&#8217;s strategic direction in the years that follow. Optica&#8217;s board is responsible for overseeing a portfolio that includes flagship scientific meetings, a family of peer-reviewed journals, industry partnerships, education and outreach programs, and policy engagement on behalf of researchers working across optics and photonics. With more than 400,000 members and constituents across the globe, the society&#8217;s decisions about which conferences to grow, which emerging subfields to champion, and how to support early-career scientists ripple widely through the community. The election of a new vice president therefore attracts close attention from researchers who want to see their priorities reflected at the top of the organization.</p>
<p>Delfyett&#8217;s election brings to the board one of the most technically accomplished figures in ultrafast optics and semiconductor laser research. His scientific reputation was established in part during his time at Bellcore, where he developed what has been described as the world&#8217;s fastest and most powerful mode-locked semiconductor laser diode. Mode-locked lasers are devices that produce trains of extremely short optical pulses, often lasting femtoseconds or picoseconds, by locking the phases of many longitudinal modes within the laser cavity. Achieving that feat in a semiconductor diode format, rather than in bulky solid-state systems, opened pathways toward compact, high-repetition-rate sources suitable for telecommunications, clocking, signal processing, and precision measurement. That line of research remains central to modern photonics, as mode-locked semiconductor lasers underpin technologies ranging from optical frequency combs to high-speed data transmission in fiber networks.</p>
<p>Since 1993, Delfyett has built his research program at CREOL, the University of Central Florida&#8217;s internationally regarded optics and photonics school, where he directs the Townes Laser Institute and holds the rank of University Distinguished Professor. His scholarly output is extensive: he has authored more than 850 publications and holds 45 U.S. patents, and he has translated laboratory advances into the commercial sphere as a co-founder of Raydiance, Inc., a company associated with ultrafast laser technology. His contributions have been recognized with election to the National Academy of Engineering, the American Physical Society&#8217;s Arthur L. Schawlow Prize, and the 2026 SPIE Harold E. Edgerton Award, an honor named for the pioneering electrical engineer and photographer whose stroboscopic imaging work became iconic. He is also a Fellow of APS, AAAS, Optica, the IEEE Photonics Society, SPIE, the National Society of Black Physicists, and the National Academy of Inventors, a collection of distinctions that reflects both scientific depth and breadth of service.</p>
<p>Beyond the laboratory, Delfyett has accumulated a long record of volunteer leadership within the scientific publishing and conference ecosystem. He has served as Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics and as Chair of the CLEO Steering Committee, the body that helps guide one of the field&#8217;s largest annual conferences on lasers and electro-optics. His prior governance experience includes service on Optica&#8217;s own Board of Directors, membership on the Board of Governors of the IEEE Photonics Society, the chairmanship of the APS Division of Laser Science, and the presidency of the National Society of Black Physicists. That combination of editorial, conference, and society leadership is precisely the kind of institutional fluency that Optica&#8217;s membership tends to reward in board elections, and it positions him to step into the society&#8217;s presidential succession track with an intimate knowledge of how its programs operate.</p>
<p>Optica CEO Elizabeth Nolan welcomed the election, emphasizing both Delfyett&#8217;s scientific legacy and his service record. According to the society&#8217;s announcement, Nolan described him as someone who has spent his career pushing the boundaries of what ultrafast lasers can do, whose vision has helped shape modern photonics, and who is a strong leader, a brilliant scientist, and a dedicated volunteer. She added that the society is thrilled to welcome him to the Board of Directors, where his experience and expertise will help Optica meet the evolving needs of the optics and photonics community. The remarks signal that the board expects Delfyett&#8217;s perspective as both a researcher and an entrepreneur to inform its decisions at a time when photonics is expanding into new commercial territory, from silicon photonics in data centers to laser-based manufacturing and quantum technologies.</p>
<p>The two Directors at Large positions, covering the 2027 through 2029 term, went to figures who represent complementary corners of the discipline. Sterling Backus is an Advanced Project Scientist at Thorlabs, Inc., one of the world&#8217;s largest suppliers of photonics hardware and instrumentation, and an affiliate researcher at Colorado State University. His dual footing in industry and academia mirrors the reality of a field in which much of the instrumentation driving discovery is developed and manufactured by companies rather than built entirely in university shops. Within Optica, Backus has served on the Meetings Council, the body that shapes the society&#8217;s conference portfolio, and he is the program co-chair for the society&#8217;s Frontiers in Optics meeting for 2026 and 2027. He is an Optica Fellow and previously served as CLEO program chair in 2017 and general chair in 2019, experience that gives him detailed insight into how large-scale scientific meetings are planned, funded, and adapted to changing community needs.</p>
<p>Frédérique Vanholsbeeck brings a distinctly international and interdisciplinary dimension to the board. She is a professor of physics at Waipapa Taumata Rau, the University of Auckland in New Zealand, where she leads one of Aotearoa New Zealand&#8217;s most active biophotonics groups. Biophotonics, the application of light-based technologies to biology and medicine, is among the fastest-growing areas of the field, encompassing optical coherence tomography, fluorescence microscopy, laser tweezers, and optical diagnostics for clinical use. Research groups in this area often sit at the interface of physics, engineering, and the life sciences, and leaders like Vanholsbeeck help ensure that the society&#8217;s programs serve researchers who do not fit neatly into traditional disciplinary boxes. Her governance experience includes the presidency of the Australian and New Zealand Optical Society, membership on a Marsden Fund panel, which distributes New Zealand&#8217;s major fundamental research grants, and multiple leadership roles in major international and regional conferences. She is also an Optica Fellow.</p>
<p>The geographic and sectoral balance of the new slate is notable. Optica has long emphasized its role as a global society, and the election of a director based in New Zealand alongside two United States-based leaders, one from a university research center and one from industry, reflects an attempt to keep the board representative of a membership that spans continents and career contexts. For researchers in Oceania and the broader Asia-Pacific region, Vanholsbeeck&#8217;s presence at the governance table offers a direct channel for the concerns of smaller national optical societies, which often face challenges distinct from those of large North American and European institutions, including limited access to major facilities and the logistical burden of distance from the field&#8217;s dominant conference hubs.</p>
<p>For the wider photonics community, the elections arrive at a moment when the discipline&#8217;s profile has never been higher. Optical technologies now carry the world&#8217;s internet traffic, guide autonomous vehicles, enable the precision manufacturing of semiconductors, and provide the measurement backbone for breakthroughs in timekeeping, navigation, and fundamental physics, including the laser interferometry behind gravitational-wave detection. The leaders chosen to steer Optica&#8217;s board will influence how the society invests in meetings, publications, and advocacy as these applications multiply. With Delfyett&#8217;s ultrafast laser expertise, Backus&#8217;s industry-grounded perspective on instrumentation and conferences, and Vanholsbeeck&#8217;s biophotonics and international leadership, the incoming directors bring a blend of technical depth and organizational experience that mirrors the field itself: fast-moving, commercially vital, and increasingly global.</p>
<p><strong>Subject of Research:</strong> Election of new leaders to the board of the Optica optics and photonics society</p>
<p><strong>Article Title:</strong> Peter J. Delfyett, Sterling Backus and Frédérique Vanholsbeeck will serve on Optica’s Board of Directors</p>
<p><strong>Article References:</strong> Peter J. Delfyett, Sterling Backus and Frédérique Vanholsbeeck will serve on Optica’s Board of Directors. (n.d.). <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1145935" rel="noopener noreferrer">Original publication</a></p>
<p><strong>Image Credits:</strong> AI Generated</p>
<p><strong>DOI:</strong> Not provided</p>
<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Optica, Peter J. Delfyett, Sterling Backus, Frédérique Vanholsbeeck, ultrafast optics, semiconductor lasers, biophotonics, photonics, board of directors, CREOL, Thorlabs, University of Auckland</p>
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