Researchers defined greenwashing as the deliberate overstatement of a company’s environmental performance. For the quantitative analysis, they measured it as the gap between a firm’s disclosed ESG performance and its actual ESG performance. A smaller gap indicates closer alignment between the information companies report and the performance indicators available in the research databases. The study examined whether three board attributes—gender diversity, independence and directors’ international experience—were associated with that measure and whether the presence of a CSR committee amplified the relationships.

The study used firm-level data from the CSMAR financial database, Bloomberg and Refinitiv’s Asset4 database. Its population was Chinese listed firms, and the eight-year observation period allowed the researchers to analyze repeated firm-year records rather than a single annual snapshot. The reported results showed that each of the three board attributes was associated with lower greenwashing. CSR committees were associated with stronger relationships between those board characteristics and the ESG performance gap. In this context, a committee refers to a formal corporate social responsibility governance structure; the supplied research abstract does not provide details about committee membership, meeting frequency or specific duties.

Because the findings come from observational firm-year data, they show associations rather than proving that a particular board characteristic or CSR committee directly caused a reduction in greenwashing. The research also relies on a gap between disclosed and measured ESG performance as its indicator, so the result concerns the relative consistency of corporate disclosures with the performance data used in the study. The authors nevertheless describe the findings as empirical evidence that internal governance mechanisms can shape firms’ environmental integrity and disclosure quality, alongside external regulation. The paper is an accepted, open-access article in Discover Sustainability, published on September 26, 2026. The supplied version states that it may undergo further edits before the final version of record.

Subject of Research: Corporate board governance and greenwashing among Chinese listed firms

Article Title: Unmasking greenwashing through the role of gender diversity and CSR committees in driving real sustainability in Chinese firms

Article References: Alsakeb, K., Ezouidi, R., Ahmadi, A., & Albahir, A. (2026). Unmasking greenwashing through the role of gender diversity and CSR committees in driving real sustainability in Chinese firms. Discover Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-026-04825-y

Image Credits: AI Generated

DOI: 10.1007/s43621-026-04825-y

Keywords: greenwashing, ESG disclosure, board gender diversity, board independence, international experience, CSR committees, corporate governance, Chinese listed firms, Unmasking, role, gender, diversity