The ERG theory, originally conceptualized by psychologist Clayton Alderfer, posits that human motivation can be grouped into three core dimensions: existence, relatedness, and growth. While traditionally applied within organizational psychology to understand employee motivation, this theory provides a robust framework for exploring the psychosocial and physical needs of older adults with disabilities. By framing the study within this theoretical context, the authors foreground the interdependency of basic survival needs, social connections, and personal development as critical to promoting holistic health.

Central to the study is the recognition that disabled older adults who reside within their communities often lack adequate support structures tailored to their unique and evolving health demands. These individuals frequently face an intersection of physical limitations, chronic illnesses, and social isolation, underscoring the necessity for a comprehensive understanding that goes beyond mere medical treatment. The research emphasizes that family units remain pivotal in managing daily well-being, yet their capacity to respond effectively hinges on nuanced knowledge of both the older adults’ health and psychosocial spheres.

The methodological approach harnessed in this qualitative investigation involves in-depth interviews with family members of community-dwelling disabled seniors alongside healthcare providers. This methodology allows for a rich, narrative-driven exploration of lived experiences, capturing the subjective perceptions of health needs rather than relying solely on quantitative measures. Such an approach reveals gaps in communication, resource accessibility, and emotional support systems that often impair caregiving efficacy.

Findings from the study indicate that existence needs encompass more than the mere provision of physical health care; they extend to ensuring safety within the home environment, access to adequate nutrition, and effective management of chronic conditions. Family caregivers frequently express challenges related to adapting living spaces to accommodate mobility restrictions and mitigating risks of falls or accidents—a core factor influencing overall health prognosis.

Relatedness needs, as unearthed by the research, highlight the profound role of social connections in mitigating feelings of loneliness and depression, which are prevalent among disabled older adults. The study shows the critical importance of maintaining familial bonds and community engagement as integral components of health maintenance. Moreover, it underscores that caregivers themselves require social and emotional support to sustain their wellbeing and caregiving roles.

On the dimension of growth, the research sheds light on the often-overlooked aspirations of older adults to maintain autonomy, continue learning, and engage in meaningful activities despite their disability. This element challenges health systems to conceive strategies that promote personal development and psychological growth, moving beyond a purely biomedical model toward one that values dignity and self-actualization.

Importantly, the study identifies an urgent need for tailored health education programs aimed at equipping family caregivers with skills and knowledge to address the complex health profiles of disabled seniors. Educational interventions that include ergonomic training, medication management, and psychological counseling are suggested to enhance caregiving quality and reduce caregiver burnout.

The study also draws attention to disparities in access to community health resources, revealing that socioeconomic factors significantly impact the ability of families to obtain necessary support services. Geographic and economic barriers exacerbate isolation and complicate the delivery of home-based care, signaling a need for more equitable health policies that prioritize vulnerable populations.

Furthermore, Zhao and colleagues offer compelling evidence that interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals, social workers, and community organizations enhances the quality of care and satisfaction among disabled older adults and their families. This cooperative approach encourages resource-sharing and comprehensive care planning, which are critical for meeting multifaceted health needs.

Technologically, the research advocates for the integration of telehealth and digital monitoring tools to facilitate ongoing health assessments and timely interventions. These innovative modalities grant remote access to medical advice and support, which can be particularly impactful for those in rural or underserved areas. Nevertheless, the study also cautions about the digital divide and emphasizes the necessity for user-friendly designs tailored for older adults.

Psychologically, addressing mental health is highlighted as an essential component of family health needs. The pervasive risk of anxiety, depression, and cognitive decline among disabled seniors necessitates routine mental health screenings and accessible therapeutic resources. The family’s awareness and proactive engagement in mental wellness interventions are poised as vital determinants of outcomes.

In conclusion, this qualitative exploration rooted in existence-relatedness-growth theory not only broadens the academic understanding of family health needs associated with community-dwelling disabled older adults but also sets a pragmatic agenda for improving health delivery systems. By elevating the voices of families and incorporating their lived experiences, the study fosters a deeper appreciation for the complexity and nuance involved in geriatric disability care within everyday community settings.

The implications for future research include developing scalable intervention models that address all three ERG dimensions cohesively, alongside policy reforms that allocate resources and training equitably. This study is a clarion call to shift perceptions and practices towards embracing holistic, compassionate care that empowers disabled seniors and their families to thrive within their communities.

As populations age globally, the resonance of this research cannot be overstated. It invites health professionals, policymakers, and society at large to reconsider how we support aging with dignity, cultivating environments where existence, relatedness, and growth are not just theoretical constructs but lived realities ensuring wellbeing for all.

Subject of Research: Family health needs of community-dwelling disabled older adults analyzed through the lens of existence-relatedness-growth (ERG) theory.

Article Title: A qualitative study on family health needs of community-dwelling disabled older adults based on existence-relatedness-growth theory.

Article References:
Zhao, M., Zhang, Y., Yuan, P. et al. A qualitative study on family health needs of community-dwelling disabled older adults based on existence-relatedness-growth theory. BMC Geriatr (2026). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-026-07605-5

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