At the heart of this revelation lies the peculiar nature of long-range kinks. Unlike their transient cousins that dissipate quickly, these kinks possess a remarkable stability, allowing them to traverse vast cosmic distances without losing their integrity. They are akin to persistent ripples on the pond of spacetime, carrying with them significant energy and information. When two such kinks meet, the intuitive expectation might be a simple annihilation or a scattering event. However, Campos and his colleagues have demonstrated that this is far from the case. Instead, their meticulous simulations and theoretical analyses unveil a resonant phenomenon where the colliding kinks momentarily synchronize, amplifying their interaction and generating a cascade of secondary waves that are intrinsically linked to the fundamental spectral properties of the underlying physical system. This isn’t just a collision; it’s a carefully choreographed duet, a cosmic ballet of energy and momentum.

The concept of quasinormal modes might sound esoteric, but it’s a fundamental aspect of how bound systems respond to disturbances. Think of a bell; when struck, it rings at specific frequencies, its quasinormal modes, which determine its unique sound. In the context of black holes and other compact objects, these modes represent the characteristic vibrations that persist after a perturbation, gradually fading away. What’s revolutionary here is the identification of these modes within the context of kink interactions. The research suggests that the interaction of these kinks is not a chaotic free-for-all but rather a process governed by the inherent resonant frequencies of the spacetime geometry in which they exist. The kinks are, in essence, “listening” to the universe’s internal hum and responding in kind, much like a perfectly tuned instrument.

This resonance isn’t a mere curiosity; it carries profound implications. The energy exchanged during these resonant collisions can be significantly amplified compared to non-resonant interactions. This means that the debris from these cosmic encounters – the secondary waves and excitations – could be far more energetic and detectable than previously anticipated. For cosmologists and particle physicists searching for elusive signals from the early universe or from exotic astrophysical objects, this discovery opens up new avenues of investigation. We may have been overlooking a crucial source of energetic radiation, a subtle but powerful symphony playing out in the background of cosmic evolution, generated by these very kink collisions.

The theoretical framework underpinning this research hinges on advanced mathematical tools that describe field theories in curved spacetime. The researchers employed sophisticated numerical techniques to model the dynamics of these kinks, carefully accounting for the nonlinearities that govern their interactions. The visual representations of these simulations are captivating, depicting the coalescing waves, the emergent patterns, and the subsequent energy release in a way that is both scientifically rigorous and visually stunning. It’s a glimpse into the unseen choreography of the cosmos, revealed not by telescopes alone, but by the power of abstract mathematics and computational prowess.

One of the most striking findings is the direct correlation between the resonant frequencies observed during kink collisions and the computed quasinormal modes of the specific theoretical model being studied. This isn’t a superficial agreement; it’s a deep, fundamental correspondence. It implies that the kinks are not merely passive participants in the spacetime but active probes that can reveal its intrinsic vibrational characteristics. By observing how these kinks interact and resonate, scientists can effectively “listen” to the underlying structure of spacetime itself, discerning its fundamental building blocks and its inherent modes of oscillation.

The potential implications for our understanding of fundamental forces and particles are immense. If kinks in established field theories exhibit such resonant behaviors, it suggests that similar phenomena might occur in more complex and exotic theories, such as those attempting to unify gravity with quantum mechanics. The study provides a robust theoretical and computational foundation for exploring these possibilities, opening the door to new experimental probes and observational strategies. We might be on the cusp of discovering new particles or new interactions that are intimately tied to these resonant kink collisions.

Furthermore, the concept of resonance has been a cornerstone of physics since its inception. From the driven pendulum to the amplification of radio waves, resonance dictates how systems respond to external stimuli. Applying this principle to the realm of cosmic structures like kinks introduces a new paradigm for comprehending their behavior. It suggests a level of order and predictability in what might otherwise appear as chaotic events. The universe, in this view, is not merely a collection of particles and forces, but a finely tuned instrument capable of producing complex and harmonious outputs.

The researchers’ work may also shed light on enduring mysteries in cosmology. For instance, the nature of dark energy, the mysterious force driving the accelerated expansion of the universe, remains one of the most significant puzzles in modern physics. It’s conceivable that phenomena related to long-range kinks and their resonant interactions could play a role in shaping the large-scale structure of the cosmos or even contribute to the energy density that fuels this expansion. This study provides a novel perspective, encouraging us to look beyond conventional explanations.

The visual representation accompanying this research, generated in a style evocative of early scientific illustrations yet rendered with modern digital precision, serves as a powerful metaphor for this discovery. It captures the essence of these interacting waves, highlighting their dynamic interplay and the emergent beauty of their resonant dance. The image itself suggests a cyclical process, a perpetual motion of energy and form that lies at the heart of the universe’s ongoing creation and evolution, a testament to the hidden harmonies that govern existence.

Looking ahead, the next steps for this research are clear: to explore these phenomena in more complex and realistic spacetime backgrounds, and to devise observational strategies that could potentially detect these resonant Kink collisions in astrophysical environments. The challenge is significant, requiring cutting-edge observational techniques and sophisticated data analysis. However, the potential rewards – a deeper understanding of the universe’s fundamental laws and its most profound mysteries – are well worth the effort.

The study by Campos, Mohammadi, and Romanczukiewicz is more than just a scientific paper; it’s an invitation to rethink our perception of the universe. It suggests that beneath the seemingly random chaos of cosmic events, there lies an underlying order, a symphony of resonances that orchestrates the very fabric of reality. This isn’t just physics; it’s a cosmic opera, and we are just beginning to decipher its intricate melodies. The long-range kinks, these persistent waves in spacetime, are not just passive observers but active participants in this grand cosmic performance, their collisions with quasinormal modes a testament to the universe’s inherent musicality.

The elegance of scientific discovery often lies in its ability to connect seemingly disparate concepts. Here, the abstract mathematics of field theory, the stable structures of kinks, and the fundamental vibrational modes of spacetime converge to reveal a remarkable phenomenon. This research underscores the power of theoretical physics to predict and explain phenomena that are far beyond our current direct observational capabilities, providing a vital roadmap for future exploration. It’s a testament to human ingenuity and our persistent quest to unravel the universe’s deepest secrets, one resonant collision at a time.

The universe, as revealed by this research, is a far more interconnected and responsive entity than we often consider. The idea that fundamental excitations like kinks can resonate with the intrinsic frequencies of spacetime itself paints a picture of a dynamic and living cosmos. This isn’t a static backdrop against which events unfold; it’s an active participant, its inherent vibrational structure dictating the very nature of interactions. This perspective invites us to view the cosmos not as a machine, but as a grand, resonant instrument, constantly playing its complex, evolving melody.

The journey of scientific understanding is often a long and winding one, marked by incremental progress and occasional paradigm shifts. This latest work on kink-quasinormal mode resonance represents one such potential shift, opening up new avenues of theoretical exploration and experimental observation. As we continue to probe the universe’s secrets, discoveries like these remind us that the most profound truths can often be found in the most unexpected places, encoded in the very vibrations of spacetime itself, waiting to be heard.

Subject of Research: Resonance between long-range kinks and quasinormal modes in relativistic field theories.

Article Title: Resonance with quasinormal modes in long-range kinks’ collisions

Article References:

Campos, J.G.F., Mohammadi, A. & Romanczukiewicz, T. Resonance with quasinormal modes in long-range kinks’ collisions.
Eur. Phys. J. C 86, 90 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15330-x

Image Credits: AI Generated

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15330-x

Keywords: Kinks, Solitons, Quasinormal Modes, Resonance, Field Theory, Spacetime, Oscillations, Cosmic Symphony, Fundamental Physics, Theoretical Physics, Particle Physics, Cosmology

Prepare to have your understanding of the universe’s most enigmatic objects – supermassive black holes – profoundly challenged. In a groundbreaking study published in The European Physical Journal C, a team of intrepid physicists has unveiled evidence of a bizarre and previously unpredicted behavior occurring at the very heart of these cosmic behemoths. This discovery, which defies our current theoretical frameworks, suggests that the gravitational titans that anchor galaxies are far more dynamic and peculiar than we ever imagined, hinting at hidden physics that could rewrite our cosmic rulebook. The research dives deep into the realm of scalar fields, often hypothesized to permeate the universe, and their unexpected interplay with the extreme spacetime curvature around black holes, opening up a Pandora’s Box of new possibilities for fundamental physics and cosmology.

Traditionally, the prevailing models describing black holes, particularly supermassive ones residing at galactic centers, are largely based on Einstein’s theory of General Relativity. This theory paints a picture of black holes as relatively simple, characterized by their mass, charge, and angular momentum – the so-called “no-hair theorem.” However, the new findings propose a radical departure from this elegant simplicity. The scientists, led by Shi-Jian Liu, Yujun Liu, and Yong-Qi Peng, have introduced the concept of “non-linearly scalarized supermassive black holes,” implying that these objects are not just passive gravitational sinks but can actively engage with and be shaped by scalar fields in ways that generate emergent properties, fundamentally altering their observable characteristics and the spacetime around them. This departure from classical understanding is what makes the discovery so electrifying and potentially revolutionary.

At the core of this astonishing revelation lies the intricate dance between the immense gravitational pull of supermassive black holes and hypothetical scalar fields. These fields, while not directly observed, are a staple in many proposed extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics and theories of gravity, often invoked to explain phenomena like dark matter and dark energy. The new research postulates that in extremely strong gravitational environments, like those found near supermassive black holes, these scalar fields can become non-trivially active. Instead of simply existing passively, they can develop complex, non-linear configurations that are intimately tied to the black hole’s own structure, leading to a departure from the well-established predictions of General Relativity. This interaction is not a superficial one; it implies a deep entanglement between gravity and these exotic fields.

The team’s meticulous theoretical work, which forms the bedrock of this discovery, explores how certain types of scalar field theories, when subjected to the intense gravitational field of a massive black hole, can trigger a “spontaneous scalarization.” This means that the scalar field, which might be otherwise inert or weakly coupled, can start to exhibit significant and complex behavior precisely in the vicinity of the black hole. This behavior is not uniform; it’s modulated by the black hole’s own properties, such as its mass and how rapidly it’s spinning. Crucially, this scalar field activity is not a small perturbation but can lead to significant modifications of the black hole’s “horizon” and its surrounding spacetime geometry, potentially making them detectable through astronomical observations.

What makes these “non-linearly scalarized” black holes so intriguing is their departure from the smooth, simple horizons predicted by Einstein’s theory. The scalar field activity can manifest as bumps, ripples, or even more complex structures on what was previously thought to be a perfectly uniform event horizon. This means that the boundary of no return, the defining feature of any black hole, might actually be a much more dynamic and textured entity when scalar fields are involved. This fundamental change in the nature of the event horizon has profound implications for how we understand black hole mergers, accretion processes, and even what happens when matter falls into these cosmic voids. The very definition and appearance of a black hole could be altered by this interaction.

The researchers have delved into the mathematical intricacies of these scalarized black holes, revealing that the relationship between the scalar field and the black hole’s spacetime is inherently non-linear. This means that small changes in the scalar field or the gravitational environment can lead to disproportionately large effects, making their behavior difficult to predict using simpler, linear approximations. This non-linearity is key to the emergence of complex structures and phenomena around the black hole, distinguishing them sharpely from the idealized solutions of General Relativity. The team’s computational models have been instrumental in navigating this complex theoretical landscape, allowing them to explore the parameter space where such phenomena become significant and observable.

One of the most exciting implications of this research is the potential for observational verification. While direct imaging of these scalar field structures remains a distant goal, the new models predict subtle but potentially detectable deviations in the way light bends around scalarized black holes. Gravitational lensing, the bending of light by mass, could exhibit unique patterns around these objects that differ from standard black holes. Furthermore, the emission of gravitational waves during the merger of two scalarized black holes might carry distinct signatures, providing a fingerprint of this exotic physics that future gravitational wave detectors could pick up, offering a tangible way to test these theoretical predictions against real-world astrophysical events.

The study meticulously explores the conditions under which scalar fields would become significantly active around supermassive black holes. It suggests that the threshold for this “spontaneous scalarization” is intimately linked to the mass of the black hole and the specific properties of the scalar field theory in question, such as its self-interaction terms. This means that not all supermassive black holes might exhibit this phenomenon; rather, it could be a characteristic of certain types of massive black holes or those residing in particular cosmic environments where scalar fields are more readily excited. The research provides a framework for astronomers to identify potential candidates for these exotic objects within the vastness of the universe.

The discovery also has profound implications for our quest to unify gravity with quantum mechanics, often referred to as the “theory of everything.” Scalar fields are fundamental in many theories aiming to bridge the gap between these two pillars of modern physics. The observation of non-linearly scalarized black holes would provide crucial empirical evidence for the existence and behavior of these fields in extreme gravitational regimes, offering valuable insights into quantum gravity and potentially guiding the development of more comprehensive cosmological models that can explain the universe’s earliest moments and its ultimate fate. The intricate interplay between gravity and scalar fields at the black hole horizon may hold clues to the quantum nature of spacetime itself.

Moreover, this research could revolutionize our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. Supermassive black holes are not just passive entities; they actively influence their host galaxies through powerful jets and winds. If these black holes possess exotic scalar field properties, it could imply that these outflows are also modulated by this new physics, leading to different patterns of star formation and galactic structure than currently predicted. The energy output and collimation of these jets, crucial for regulating a galaxy’s growth, might be fundamentally altered by the presence and dynamics of scalar fields, impacting the cosmic web on the grandest scales.

The theoretical framework developed in this paper is remarkably robust, presenting a clear mathematical pathway for further exploration. It moves beyond the realm of pure speculation by providing testable predictions, a hallmark of strong scientific research. The authors have carefully considered various scalar field models and their potential interactions with black holes, identifying specific conditions under which observable signatures might emerge. This rigorous approach ensures that the discovery is not just an interesting theoretical curiosity but a potential roadmap for future astronomical and astrophysical investigations, pushing the boundaries of what we can observe and understand about the universe.

The very definition of a black hole’s mass might even be called into question under these new models. If a scalar field is significantly coupled to the black hole, it could effectively contribute to its perceived gravitational influence in ways that are not accounted for by its baryonic mass alone. This could lead to discrepancies between different methods of measuring black hole masses, providing another avenue for observational astronomers to scrutinize the validity of the scalarization hypothesis. The subtle interplay between the black hole’s intrinsic mass and the influence of the scalar field could shed light on some of the persistent puzzles in black hole astrophysics.

In essence, this study is not just about black holes; it’s about the very fabric of reality at its most extreme. The non-linear scalarization phenomenon challenges our fundamental assumptions about gravity, spacetime, and the presence of exotic matter or fields that permeate the cosmos. It signifies a paradigm shift in how we perceive these cosmic giants, transforming them from relatively simple gravitational objects into potentially complex, dynamic entities that hold secrets to physics beyond our current grasp. The universe, as always, continues to surprise us with its boundless ingenuity and mystery.

The authors themselves express a profound sense of excitement and anticipation for what this discovery might unlock. They acknowledge that while much work remains to be done, the theoretical foundation they have laid provides a compelling new direction for research in gravitational physics and astrophysics. The prospect of finding empirical evidence for these scalarized black holes represents a monumental step forward in our understanding of the fundamental forces and constituents of the universe, potentially ushering in a new era of discovery and innovation in our exploration of the cosmos. The journey to fully comprehend these cosmic anomalies is just beginning.

Subject of Research: The interplay between scalar fields and supermassive black holes, leading to non-trivial modifications of spacetime and observable phenomena.

Article Title: Non-linearly scalarized supermassive black holes

Article References:
Liu, S., Liu, Y., Peng, Y. et al. Non-linearly scalarized supermassive black holes. Eur. Phys. J. C 85, 1370 (2025).

Image Credits: AI Generated

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15096-8

Keywords: Supermassive black holes, scalar fields, General Relativity, quantum gravity, gravitational waves, particle physics, astrophysics, cosmology.

The original ATLAS search focused on identifying a specific signature: displaced hadronic jets. These are not your everyday particle collision products. Instead, they represent the decay of a heavier, yet-undiscovered particle that travels a significant distance from the primary collision point within the detector before decaying into ordinary particles that then form observable jets. This “displacement” is a critical clue, hinting at particles with longer lifetimes than those typically produced and immediately decaying. Such particles are often predicted by various extensions to the Standard Model of particle physics, offering tantalizing hints of new physics phenomena that lie beyond our current understanding. The challenge in detecting these elusive signals lies in distinguishing them from the overwhelming background of Standard Model processes, which can mimic similar signatures, making precision and advanced analytical techniques absolutely indispensable.

The brilliance of the new Corpe, Haddad, and Goodsell study lies in its innovative application of surrogate models. Traditionally, analyzing LHC data involves intricate and computationally intensive simulations that aim to accurately mimic the behavior of particles and their interactions within the vast ATLAS detector. These simulations are the bedrock of experimental physics, allowing researchers to predict what a specific rare process would look like and to estimate the expected background from well-understood physics. However, generating enough of these detailed simulations to explore every possible scenario or to perform rapid re-analyses of existing datasets can be prohibitively time-consuming and resource-intensive. Surrogate models, on the other hand, are computationally cheaper approximations of these complex simulations. They learn the underlying patterns and relationships from a limited number of high-fidelity simulations and then can generate predictions much more rapidly, providing a powerful tool for exploring parameter spaces and performing nuanced analyses.

By “recasting” the original search using these advanced surrogate models, the researchers have effectively re-examined the ATLAS data with a more sensitive and flexible lens. This process involves training a surrogate model on a set of realistic detector simulations and then using this model to extrapolate and explore a wider range of potential new physics scenarios that might have been less thoroughly investigated in the original analysis. Imagine having a sophisticated simulator that takes hours to run for each scenario; a surrogate model acts like a lightning-fast apprentice that has learned the simulator’s behavior and can now provide near-instantaneous predictions for countless variations, allowing physicists to explore a far vaster landscape of possibilities than ever before. This approach unlocks the latent potential within previously collected experimental data, breathing new life into established analyses and opening up avenues for unexpected discoveries.

The original search that this study revisits was designed to be sensitive to new phenomena by looking for these characteristic displaced hadronic jets alongside additional jets or leptons. These accompanying particles serve as crucial triggers and discriminators, helping to isolate the signal of interest from the immense background noise originating from known Standard Model processes. The presence of extra jets can indicate the production of heavy particles that decay into multiple components, while leptons (like electrons and muons) are often produced in weak decays and can provide clear, well-understood signatures. The interplay of these different signatures and their spatial and energetic relationships within the detector are key to identifying a truly exotic event.

The key innovation of this recasting effort is the incorporation of additional jets or leptons within the surrogate model framework itself. This allows for a more nuanced exploration of signal models that might vary in their complexity and the number and types of accompanying particles. Instead of being constrained by the specific signal models and analysis strategies employed in the original search, the surrogate models can be trained to capture the detector response to a broader spectrum of hypothetical new physics scenarios. This means that even if the original search was optimized for a particular type of new particle, the surrogate models can now help to probe for other types of particles that might have slightly different decay patterns or production mechanisms, broadening the net for new discoveries.

The ATLAS calorimeter plays a crucial role in this entire endeavor. This massive sub-detector is essentially a series of highly instrumented layers designed to measure the energy and direction of particles produced in collisions. It’s incredibly effective at identifying and measuring jets, which are sprays of particles resulting from the fragmentation of quarks and gluons. However, accurately simulating the complex interactions of particles as they traverse the calorimeter, with all its intricate internal structure and material compositions, is a computationally demanding task. The surrogate models developed in this study are particularly adept at learning these complex calorimeter responses, allowing for a more faithful and efficient prediction of how hypothetical new particles would manifest themselves within this vital instrument.

The study highlights the power of “recasting,” a practice increasingly prevalent in high-energy physics. Recasting involves taking the analysis techniques and, crucially, the data from a completed experimental search and applying them to new theoretical models or scenarios. This is a highly efficient way to maximize the scientific return from expensive and time-consuming experiments like those at the LHC. Rather than conducting entirely new experiments for every theoretical prediction, researchers can leverage existing datasets and refine their interpretation using cutting-edge analytical tools. This makes the scientific discovery process considerably faster and more cost-effective. The surrogate model approach takes this efficiency to an entirely new level by streamlining the simulation and analysis stages.

The implications of this work extend far beyond the specific search for displaced hadronic jets. The methodology of using surrogate models to recaste existing searches is a paradigm shift in how particle physicists can probe for new physics. As more data is collected at the LHC and as detector capabilities improve, the sheer volume of information will continue to grow. Relying solely on traditional simulation-based analyses will become increasingly inefficient. The success of this study suggests that surrogate models are a viable and powerful solution, enabling scientists to efficiently explore vast theoretical landscapes and to identify subtle discrepancies between theory and experiment that might otherwise remain undetected. This could accelerate the pace of discovery in areas such as supersymmetry, extra dimensions, and other exotic particle physics phenomena.

One of the most exciting aspects of this research is its potential to uncover “hidden” signals. In any complex scientific search, there’s an inherent trade-off between sensitivity to certain types of signals and the risk of missing others. The original search might have been optimized to find a specific type of displaced jet, but by using surrogate models and exploring a wider parameter space, the researchers could potentially identify signatures that were not the primary target of the initial analysis. This is akin to searching for treasure on a map where you’ve meticulously marked one specific spot, but a new, more powerful tool allows you to see the entire landscape and find hidden caches you never expected.

The collaboration between theoretical physicists, who propose new models, and experimental physicists, who design and operate detectors like ATLAS, is fundamental to progress in particle physics. This study exemplifies this synergy. The theoretical motivations for searching for displaced hadronic jets stem from predictions of new particles with relatively long lifetimes, which are a hallmark of many well-motivated extensions to the Standard Model, such as supersymmetry or models with new heavy mediators. The experimental challenge is then to design an analysis that can reliably identify these unusual signatures and distinguish them from the overwhelming background. This new work beautifully bridges that gap, using advanced computational tools to re-interpret experimental results in light of a broader range of theoretical possibilities.

The future of particle physics research at the LHC and beyond will undoubtedly be shaped by advancements in computational methods. The increasing complexity of both theoretical models and experimental data necessitates the development of smarter and more efficient analytical tools. The success of Corpe, Haddad, and Goodsell in employing surrogate models to recaste the ATLAS search for displaced hadronic jets serves as a compelling proof of concept. It demonstrates that these techniques are not just theoretical curiosities but practical and powerful instruments for advancing our understanding of the fundamental laws of nature, offering a glimpse into a more data-driven and computationally enhanced future for physics discovery.

The findings presented in this paper have the potential to invigorate various areas of physics beyond the Standard Model. If these recast analyses reveal statistically significant deviations from the Standard Model’s predictions, it would provide strong evidence for the existence of new particles or forces. This could have profound implications for our understanding of dark matter, the nature of mass, and the unification of fundamental forces. The ability to efficiently explore these new possibilities using surrogate models means that the scientific community can respond more rapidly to intriguing hints and pursue promising avenues of inquiry with unprecedented agility, accelerating the quest for a more complete picture of the cosmos.

Furthermore, the development and validation of such sophisticated surrogate models contribute to the broader field of machine learning and artificial intelligence in scientific discovery. The techniques employed here are not unique to particle physics and can be adapted and applied to a wide range of complex scientific problems. This cross-disciplinary impact underscores the far-reaching influence of fundamental research and the ways in which innovative computational approaches can drive progress across different scientific domains, fostering a collaborative and interconnected research ecosystem.

The meticulous details of the original ATLAS search, like the precise definition of a “displaced hadronic jet” and the specific criteria used to select events with additional jets or leptons, are crucial. These details, when fed into the training of the surrogate models, ensure that the new analysis remains grounded in the experimental reality of the ATLAS detector. It’s not just about abstract computational power; it’s about leveraging that power to faithfully interpret real-world experimental observations, making the entire process deeply rooted in empirical evidence and rigorous scientific methodology, ultimately aiming to uncover the hidden truths of the universe.

The rigorous statistical methods employed to assess the significance of any potential signal are of paramount importance. The surrogate models, while powerful, must be accompanied by robust statistical frameworks to interpret their output. This ensures that any observed anomaly is not merely a statistical fluctuation but a genuine indication of new physics. The researchers’ careful consideration of uncertainties and their adherence to established statistical best practices are critical for building confidence in their findings and for guiding future experimental strategies, solidifying the foundation upon which new scientific understandings are built.

Subject of Research: The reinterpretation of experimental data from the ATLAS search for displaced hadronic jets using machine learning-based surrogate models, incorporating additional jets or leptons, to enhance sensitivity to new physics phenomena beyond the Standard Model.

Article Title: Recasting the ATLAS search for displaced hadronic jets in the ATLAS calorimeter with additional jets or leptons using surrogate models.

Article References: Corpe, L.D., Haddad, A. & Goodsell, M. Recasting the ATLAS search for displaced hadronic jets in the ATLAS calorimeter with additional jets or leptons using surrogate models.
Eur. Phys. J. C 85, 1276 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14554-7

Image Credits: AI Generated

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14554-7

Keywords**: Displaced hadronic jets, Surrogate models, ATLAS experiment, Large Hadron Collider, New physics, Beyond Standard Model, Particle physics, Calorimeter, Machine learning, Data analysis, Physics discovery, Experimental reinterpretation.